=Zinc Chlorid= (_Morgan_, _Bardeleben_, _Billroth_).—Extensively used as an antiseptic, especially in the oral cavity, where, by sealing the lymph spaces with a plastic exudate, it hinders the absorption of septic matter. It is only slightly antiseptic, however, in ten-per-cent aqueous solution. Zinc chlorid represents the active agent in Burnett’s fluid. May be effectively employed in the proportions of from twenty to forty grains to the ounce of water. Care must be exercised to prevent its retention in alveolar tissue, since it may occasion serious sloughing. As a cleansing agent for infected wounds it is of great value, although the sulphocarbolate of zinc may be preferred, as it is less irritating and less toxic. =Peroxoles.=—Beck has introduced a group of preparations, known as peroxoles; liquid antiseptics containing a solution of hydrogen peroxid in combination with other disinfectants. The preparations are composed of from thirty-three to thirty-eight per cent alcohol, about three per cent of hydrogen peroxid, and one per cent of thymol, menthol, or camphor, the name given them being according to the last ingredient—thymosol, menthosol, or camphorosol. The association with these disinfectants greatly increases the antiseptic power of hydrogen peroxid. Aqueous solutions containing ten per cent of the peroxoles are usually employed. These correspond to a one-per-cent solution of mercuric chlorid, and possess a more energetic action than five per cent carbolic acid. ANTISEPTIC POWDERS =Aristol= (_Dithymol Di-iodid_) (_Eichhoff_).—Reddish-brown powder containing forty per cent iodin. Soluble in ether, chloroform, and fatty oils, sparingly in alcohol. Must be kept in dark glass bottles. Is incompatible with corrosive solutions. Used externally as iodoform. =Dermatol= (_Bismuth Subgallate_).—An odorless yellow insoluble powder, containing fifty-three per cent Bi₂O₃. =Iodol= (_Tetraido Pyrol_) (_Kalle_).—A light grayish-brown powder, containing eighty-nine per cent iodid. Slightly soluble in water, soluble in alcohol and chloroform. Its action is very similar to iodoform, and has taken its place to a great extent, first, because it is odorless, and secondly, because any quantity used exerts no toxic effect (Wolfenden). It is dusted upon the wound. Its action is due to the liberation of iodin, which acts upon the albuminous elements, and the ozone set free oxidizes the products of decomposition. It has a slight escharotic effect, forming a thin crust over the surface to which it is applied, thus effectually remaining in constant contact with it. That it is quickly absorbed is shown by its presence in the saliva and the urine. =Orthoform= (_Methyl Ester of Meta-Amido-Para-Oxybenzoic Acid_).—Nonpoisonous, white, odorless powder of moderate antiseptic power, and well suited for wounds involving mucous membranes. It has a decided anesthetic effect, lasting for several hours upon painful wound surfaces.