Influence exercised by Sokrates over his companions 110 Names of those companions 111 Æschines--Oration of Lysias against him 112 Written Sokratic Dialogues--their general character 114 Relations between the companions of Sokrates--Their proceedings after the death of Sokrates 116 No Sokratic school--each of the companions took a line of his own 117 Eukleides of Megara--he blended Parmenides with Sokrates 118 Doctrine of Eukleides about _Bonum_ 119 The doctrine compared to that of Plato--changes in Plato _ib._ Last doctrine of Plato nearly the same as Eukleides 120 Megaric succession of philosophers. Eleian or Eretrian succession 121 Doctrines of Antisthenes and Aristippus--Ethical, not transcendental 122 Preponderance of the negative vein in the Platonic age 123 Harsh manner in which historians of philosophy censure the negative vein _ib._ Negative method in philosophy essential to the controul of the affirmative _ib._ Sokrates--the most persevering and acute Eristic of his age 124 Platonic Parmenides--its extreme negative character 125 The Megarics shared the negative impulse with Sokrates and Plato 126 Eubulides--his logical problems or puzzles--difficulty of solving them--many solutions attempted 128 Real character of the Megaric sophisms, not calculated to deceive, but to guard against deception 129 If the process of theorising be admissible, it must include negative as well as affirmative 130 Logical position of the Megaric philosophers erroneously described by historians of philosophy. Necessity of a complete collection of difficulties 131 Sophisms propounded by Eubulides. 1. Mentiens. 2. The Veiled Man. 3. Sorites. 4. Cornutus 133 Causes of error constant--The Megarics were sentinels against them 135 Controversy of the Megarics with Aristotle about Power. Arguments of Aristotle _ib._ These arguments not valid against the Megarici 136 His argument cited and criticised 137 Potential as distinguished from the Actual--What it is 139 Diodôrus Kronus--his doctrine about [Greek: to\ dunato/n] 140 Sophism of Diodôrus [Greek: O( Kurieu/ôn] 141 Question between Aristotle and Diodôrus, depends upon whether universal regularity of sequence be admitted or denied _ib._ Conclusion of Diodôrus defended by Hobbes--Explanation given by Hobbes 143 Reasonings of Diodôrus--respecting Hypothetical Propositions--respecting Motion. His difficulties about the _Now_ of time 145 Motion is always present, past, and future 146 Stilpon of Megara--His great celebrity 147 Menedêmus and the Eretriacs 148 Open speech and licence of censure assumed by Menedêmus 149 Antisthenes took up Ethics principally, but with negative Logic intermingled _ib._ He copied the manner of life of Sokrates, in plainness and rigour 150 Doctrines of Antisthenes exclusively ethical and ascetic. He despised music, literature, and physics 151