Plutarch on the Delay of the Divine JusticePlutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch on the Delay of the Divine Justice
Plutarch
Punishment -- Early works to 1800
Athens the snatching of the contaminated bodies of the murderers from
their graves, and their transportation beyond the boundaries of the
state.[5:1] Hence, Euripides is absurd, when, to dissuade from crime,
he says:—
“No haste has Justice; dread not her approach;
She strikes no mortal heart with sudden blow;
But noiseless, with slow step, she glides along,
To smite the guilty when their hour has come.”[5:2]
It seems to me that it is no other considerations than these that lead
bad men to encourage themselves, and to give themselves free scope for
guilty enterprise, inasmuch as the fruit of wrong-doing is quickly ripe
and in full sight, while punishment is late, and lingers far behind the
enjoyment derived from the guilt.
3. When Patrocleas had thus spoken, OLYMPICUS,[6:1] taking
up the thread of his discourse, said,—It should also be observed,
Patrocleas, how exceedingly great is the mischief resulting from the
delay and procrastination of the Deity about these matters, since the
tardiness of retribution takes away faith in Providence; and because
chastisement for the wicked does not ensue immediately upon the
performance of an evil deed, but comes upon them afterward, they place
it to the account of misfortune, call it ill-luck and not punishment,
and so are in no wise profited by it,—being grieved indeed for what
befalls them, but not led to repentance for their ill-doing. For as the
punishment of the whip and the spur immediately on a horse’s stumbling
or shying corrects him and puts him on right behavior, while beating
and twitching of the reins and shouting at him at a later period seem
to him for some other purpose than discipline, and thus annoy him
without teaching him, so guilt rebuked and checked by punishment after
each of its wrong-doings and transgressions might gradually become
conscience-stricken, and be brought to the fear of God, as presiding
over the affairs and experiences of men with a justice that does not
linger; but justice hesitating and slow-paced, as Euripides describes
it, and falling upon the wicked as if by chance, being vague, untimely,
and out of due order, seems like a merely fortuitous event rather than
ordained by Providence. Thus, I do not see what use there is in those
mills of the gods said to grind so late[7:1] as to render punishment
hard to be recognized, and to make wickedness fearless.
4. These things having been uttered, and I being wrapped in thought,
TIMON said,—Shall I now put the climax to this reasoning on
the side of scepticism, or shall I rather suffer Plutarch[7:2] to argue
against what has already been brought forward?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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