Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 1 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 1 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
He who throws himself into a pleurisy or frenzy, to avoid being
censured as an uncivil person, is certainly no well-bred man, nor has
he sense of understanding enough to converse with men, unless in a
tavern or a cook-shop. Whereas an excuse ingeniously and dexterously
made is no less acceptable than compliance. He that makes a feast,
though he be as unwilling to taste of it himself as if it was a
sacrifice, yet if he be merry and jocund over his glass at table,
jesting and drolling upon himself, seems better company than they
who are drunk and gluttonized together. Among the ancients, he made
mention of Alexander, who after hard drinking was ashamed to resist
the importunity of Medius, who invited him afresh to the drinking of
wine, of which he died; and of our time, of Regulus the wrestler, who,
being called by break of day by Titus Caesar to the bath, went and
washed with him, and drinking but once (as they say) was seized with
an apoplexy, and died immediately. These things Glaucus in laughter
objected to as pedantic. He was not over-fond of hearing farther, nor
indeed were we of discoursing more. But do you give heed to every thing
that was said.
6. First, Socrates advises us to beware of such meats as persuade a man
to eat them though he be not hungry, and of those drinks that would
prevail with a man to drink them when he is not thirsty. Not that he
absolutely forbade us the use of them; but he taught that we might use
them where there was occasion for it, suiting the pleasure of them to
our necessity, as cities converted the money which was designed for the
festivals into a supply for war. For that which is agreeable by nature,
so long as it is a part of our nourishment, is proper for us. He that
is hungry should eat necessary food and find it pleasant; but when he
is freed from his common appetite, he ought not to raise up a fresh
one. For, as dancing was no unpleasant exercise to Socrates himself,
so he that can make his meal of sweetmeats or a second course receives
the less damage. But he that has taken already what may sufficiently
satisfy his nature ought by all means to avoid them. And concerning
these things, indecorum and ambition are no less to be avoided than
the love of pleasure or gluttony. For these often persuade men to eat
without hunger or drink without thirst, possessing them with base and
troublesome fancies, as if it were indecent not to taste of every
thing which is either a rarity or of great price, as udder, Italian
mushrooms, Samian cakes, or snow in Egypt. Again, these often incite
men to eat things rare and much talked of, they being led to it, as it
were, by the scent of vain-glory, and making their bodies to partake of
them without any necessity of it, that they may have something to tell
others, who shall admire their having eaten such rare and superfluous
things. And thus it is with them in relation to fine women; when they
are in bed with their own wives, however beautiful and loving they
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