Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
memory; and the Other moves it again in the difference between past and
present, touching at the same time upon diversity and identity.
25. But now let us take a draught of the corresponding composition
of the soul from the structure of the body of the universe. There we
find fire and earth, whose nature is such as not to admit of mixture
one with another but with great difficulty, or rather is altogether
obstinately refractory to mixture and constancy. God therefore, placing
air and water in the middle between both,—the air next the fire, the
water next the earth,—first of all tempered the middlemost one with
another, and next, by the assistance of these two, he brought the
two extreme elements not only to mix with the middlemost, but also
to a mutual closure or conjunction between themselves. Then he drew
together those contrary powers and opposing extremes, the Same and the
Other, not immediately, the one adjoining to the other, but placing
other substances between; the indivisible next the Same, and the
divisible next the Other, disposing each to each in convenient order,
and mixing the extremes with the middlemost. After which manner he
interweaved and tissued the whole into the form and composition of the
soul, completing, as far as it was possible, similitude out of things
different and various, and one out of many. Therefore it is alleged by
some, that Plato erroneously affirmed the nature of the Other to be an
enemy to mixture, as being not only capable to receive it, but a friend
of change. Whereas that should have been rather said of the nature of
the Same; which, being stable and an utter adversary to mutability, is
so far from an easy and willing condescension to mixture, that it flies
and abhors it, to the end it may preserve itself pure and free from
alteration. But they who make these objections against Plato betray
their own ignorance, not understanding that the Same is the idea (or
essential form) of those things that always continue in the same state
and condition, and that the Other is the idea of those things which are
subject to be variously affected; and that it is the peculiar nature
of the one to disjoin and separate into many parts whatever it happens
to lay hold upon, and of the other to cement and assimilate scattered
substances, till they resume one particular form and efficacy.
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