Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 3 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 3 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
Polybius, my Sossius Senecio, advised Scipio Africanus never to return
from the Forum, where he was conversant about the affairs of the city,
before he had gained one new friend. Where I suppose the word friend
is not to be taken too nicely, to signify a lasting and unchangeable
acquaintance; but, as it vulgarly means, a well-wisher, and as
Dicearchus takes it, when he says that we should endeavor to make all
men well-wishers, but only good men friends. For friendship is to be
acquired by time and virtue; but good-will is produced by a familiar
intercourse, or by mirth and trifling amongst civil and genteel men,
especially if opportunity assists their natural inclinations to
good-nature. But consider whether this advice may not be accommodated
to an entertainment as well as the Forum; so that we should not
break up the meeting before we had gained one of the company to be a
well-wisher and a friend. Other occasions draw men into the Forum, but
men of sense come to an entertainment as well to get new friends as
to make their old ones merry; indeed to carry away any thing else is
sordid and uncivil, but to depart with one friend more than we had is
pleasing and commendable. And so, on the contrary, he that doth not
aim at this renders the meeting useless and unpleasant to himself,
and departs at last, having been a partaker of an entertainment with
his belly but not with his mind. For he that makes one at a feast
doth not come only to enjoy the meat and drink, but likewise the
discourse, mirth, and genteel humor which ends at last in friendship
and good-will. The wrestlers, that they may hold fast and lock better,
use dust; and so wine mixed with discourse is of extraordinary use to
make us hold fast of, and fasten upon, a friend. For wine tempered with
discourse carries gentle and kind affections out of the body into the
mind; otherwise, it is scattered through the limbs, and serves only to
swell and disturb. Thus as a marble, by cooling red-hot iron, takes
away its softness and makes it hard, fit to be wrought and receive
impression; thus discourse at an entertainment doth not permit the men
that are engaged to become altogether liquid by the wine, but confines
and makes their jocund and obliging tempers very fit to receive an
impression from the seal of friendship if dexterously applied.
_QUESTION I._
WHETHER DIFFERENT SORTS OF FOOD, OR ONE SINGLE DISH FED UPON AT
ONCE, IS MORE EASILY DIGESTED.
PHILO, PLUTARCH, MARCION.
1. The first question of my fourth decade of Table Discourses shall be
concerning different sorts of food eaten at one meal. When we came to
Hyampolis at the feast called Elaphebolia, Philo the physician gave
us a very sumptuous entertainment; and seeing some boys who came with
Philinus feeding upon dry bread and calling for nothing else, he cried
out, O Hercules, well I see the proverb is verified,
They fought midst stones, but could not take up one;
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