Transcriber’s notes: Italic text is denoted _thus_. The spelling, hyphenation, punctuation and accentuation are as the original, except for apparent typographical errors which have been corrected. [Illustration: _Circe._ _From the painting by E. Burne-Jones._] PLUTARCH’S ESSAYS AND MISCELLANIES Comprising all his Works Collected under the Title of “Morals” · Translated from the Greek by Several Hands Corrected and Revised by WILLIAM W. GOODWIN, Ph.D., Professor of Greek Literature in Harvard University In Five Volumes · Volume Five [Illustration: HONOS ET VIRTUS] BOSTON · LITTLE, BROWN AND COMPANY · MCMXI Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1870, By LITTLE, BROWN, AND COMPANY, In the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington. Copyright, 1898, 1905, By LITTLE, BROWN, AND COMPANY. Printers S. J. PARKHILL & CO., BOSTON, U. S. A. CONTENTS OF VOLUME FIFTH. WITH THE TRANSLATORS’ NAMES. OF EATING OF FLESH. BY WILLIAM BAXTER, GENT. The very idea of eating the carcasses of slain animals is repulsive, 8. Who could have begun the practice, but from the direst necessity? 4. Men must have been driven to the deed of slaying animals for food, because the supply of food from the vegetable world had utterly failed, 4, 5. We have no such necessity, 5. Man is not by nature a carnivorous animal, 7. Our conduct in slaying animals and then preparing them for food is wholly against nature, 8. Animal food is injurious: it clogs and confuses the mind and renders it stupid, 9. It operates unfavorably on character, 9, 10. If we must eat flesh, let it be with sorrow and pity; not tormenting and abusing the poor animal before taking its life, 11. Passing the bounds of nature in our feeding, intemperate appetites and shameful lusts are gratified, 12. Cruelty to mankind is induced, 12. Animals have senses; they have faculties for seeing, hearing, understanding: is it right to extinguish these faculties? 13. Who knows but the bodies of animals may contain the souls of deceased men; of a father, brother, son, or other friend? 14, 15. LIVES OF THE TEN ORATORS. BY CHARLES BARCROFT, LECTURER OF ST. MILDRED’S, BREAD STREET. 1. Antiphon, 17-21. 2. Andocides, 21-23. 3. Lysias, 24-26. 4. Isocrates, 27-33. 5. Isaeus, 33. 6. Aeschines, 34-36. 7. Lycurgus, 36-42. 8. Demosthenes, 43-53. 9. Hyperides, 53-57. 10. Dinarchus, 57, 58. Decrees proposed to the Athenians for statues to be set up to Demosthenes, 58-63. WHETHER AN AGED MAN OUGHT TO MEDDLE IN STATE AFFAIRS. BY F. FETHERSTON, D.D.