PLUTARCH'S LIVES TRANSLATED FROM THE GREEK, WITH NOTES AND A LIFE OF PLUTARCH BY AUBREY STEWART, M.A. _Late Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge_ AND THE LATE GEORGE LONG, M.A. _Formerly Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge_ IN FOUR VOLUMES VOL. II. LONDON GEORGE BELL AND SONS 1899 [_Reprinted from Stereotype plates_.] CONTENTS. LIFE OF PELOPIDAS 1 LIFE OF MARCELLUS 34 COMPARISON OF PELOPIDAS WITH MARCELLUS 64 LIFE OF ARISTEIDES 67 LIFE OF MARCUS CATO 98 COMPARISON OF ARISTEIDES AND CATO 128 LIFE OF PHILOPŒMEN 134 LIFE OF TITUS FLAMININUS 154 COMPARISON OF PHILOPŒMEN AND TITUS 177 LIFE OF PYRRHUS 180 LIFE OF CAIUS MARIUS (_By G. Long_.) 221 LIFE OF LYSANDER 285 LIFE OF SULLA (_By G. Long_.) 317 COMPARISON OF LYSANDER AND SULLA 386 LIFE OF KIMON 391 LIFE OF LUCULLUS (_By G. Long_.) 414 COMPARISON OF KIMON AND LUCULLUS 483 PLUTARCH'S LIVES. LIFE OF PELOPIDAS. I. Cato the elder, speaking to some persons who were praising a man of reckless daring and audacity in war, observed that there is a difference between a man's setting a high value on courage, and setting a low value on his own life--and rightly. For a daring soldier in the army of Antigonus, but of broken and ill health, being asked by the king the reason of his paleness, confessed that he was suffering from some secret disorder. When then the king, anxious for him, charged his physicians to use the greatest care in their treatment, if a cure were possible, at length this brave fellow, being restored to health, was no longer fond of peril and furious in battle, so that Antigonus reproved him, and expressed surprise at the change. The man made no secret of his reason, but answered: "My, king, you have made me less warlike by freeing me from those miseries on account of which I used to hold my life cheap." And the Sybarite seems to have spoken to the same effect about the Spartans, when he said that "they do no great thing by dying in the wars in order to escape from such labours and such a mode of life as theirs." However, no wonder if the Sybarites, effete with luxurious debauchery, thought men mad who despised death for love of honour and noble emulation; whereas the Lacedæmonians were enabled by their valour both to live and to die with pleasure, as the elegy shows, which runs thus: "'Twas not that life or death itself was good, That these heroic spirits shed their blood: This was their aim, and this their latest cry, 'Let us preserve our honour, live or die.'"