Greece -- Biography -- Early works to 1800; Rome -- Biography -- Early works to 1800
He also was suspected of receiving bribes from the King of
Persia, and was caught in the act of taking a bribe from Harpalus. Even
if we suppose these charges, supported as they are by the testimony of
so many writers, to be false, yet it is impossible to deny that
Demosthenes, who trafficked in that peculiarly discreditable form of
usury, marine insurances,[293] would not have been able to refuse a
present offered in all honour by a king, while we have already related
how Cicero refused to take money from the Sicilians when he was
quæstor,[294] and from the Cappadocians when he was proconsul, and even
from his friends, who pressed him to accept large sums when he was
exiled from Rome.
IV. Moreover, Demosthenes was exiled in great disgrace, after he had
been convicted of having received a bribe, while Cicero's banishment was
the consequence of the noblest action of his life, the ridding his
country of wicked men. Wherefore, no one could plead for Demosthenes
when he left the country, but the Senate publicly put on mourning for
Cicero, grieved for his absence, and refused to transact any business
before voting that he should be restored to Rome. Yet Cicero spent his
exile idly in Macedonia, while Demosthenes carried out an important part
of his policy while in exile; for, as has been related, he accompanied
the Athenian embassy to the various states of Greece, discomfited the
Macedonian ambassadors, and proved himself a far better citizen than
Themistokles or Alkibiades under similar circumstances: moreover, after
his restoration to Athens, he continued to pursue the same policy of
unceasing opposition to Antipater and the Macedonians, while Lælius
reproached Cicero for sitting silent in the senate-house when young
Octavius Cæsar, before his beard was grown, petitioned to be allowed to
sue for the consulship in spite of the law. Brutus also blamed him for
having fostered a greater and harsher tyranny than that which he put
down.
V. In conclusion, we must regard the death of Cicero as most pitiable,
that an old man, through cowardice, should be carried hither and thither
by his slaves, seeking to escape death, and hiding himself from his
foes, although he could in any case have but a short time to live, and
then be murdered after all; while Demosthenes, though he did beg
somewhat for his life, must be admired for his forethought in providing
himself with the poison, and also for the use which he made of it, to
escape from the cruelty of Antipater even when surrounded by his
soldiers, and to betake himself to a greater sanctuary, as that of the
god was unable to protect him.
LIFE OF DEMETRIUS.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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