[153] _Vide_ Henry A. Beers, “A History of English Romanticism in the Eighteenth Century,” 1899, Chap. VIII, pp. 298-302. [154] Hutchinson, _op. cit._, p. 950. [155] “Chatterton—Poetical Works,” with an Essay on the Rowley Poems, by W. W. Skeat, and a memoir by Bell (2 vols., 1871-1875); and _vide_ Tyrwhitt, “Poems supposed to have been written at Bristol by Thomas Rowley and others in the fifteenth century” (London, 1777). [156] _Vide_ Oswald Doughty, “English Lyric in the Age of Reason” (1922), p. 251. [157] _Vide_ John Sampson, “The Poetical Works of William Blake” (Oxford, 1905), Preface, viii. [158] Until the middle of the eighteenth century the form _glen_ occurs in English writers only as an echo of Spenser (N.E.D.). [159] _Vide_ “The Dialect of Robert Burns,” by Sir James Wilson (Oxford Press, 1923), and for happy instances of beautiful words still lingering on in the Scots dialects, _vide_ especially “The Roxburghshire Word-Book,” by George Watson (Cambridge, 1923). [160] Sweet, “New English Grammar” (1892), Part II, pp. 208-212, and Skeat, “Principles of English Etymology” (1887), Part I, pp. 418-420. [161] The first literary appearance of each compound has been checked as far as possible by reference to the “New English Dictionary.” It is hardly necessary to say that the fact of a compound being assigned, as regards its first appearance, to any individual writer, is not in itself evidence that he himself invented the new formation, or even introduced it into literature. But in many cases, either from the nature of the compound itself, or from some other internal or external evidence, the assumption may be made. [162] Cp. Sweet, _op. cit._, p. 449. [163] In the “Beowulf” there are twenty-three compounds meaning “Ocean,” twelve meaning “Ship,” and eighteen meaning “Sword” (_vide_ Emerson, “Outline History of the English Language,” 1906, p. 121). [164] Cp. Champney’s “History of English” (1893), p. 192 and Note; and Lounsbury, “History of the English Language” (1909), p. 109. [165] Cp. Sidney’s remarks in the “Defence of Poesie—Elizabethan Critical Essays,” ed. Smith, Vol. I, p. 204. [166] E.g. Spenser’s “_sea-shouldering_ whales” (an epithet that especially pleased Keats), Nashe’s “_sky-bred_ chirpers,” Marlowe’s “_gold-fingered_ Ind,” Shakespeare’s “_fancy-free_,” “_forest-born_,” “_cloud-capt_,” etc. [167] Dryden, “English Men of Letters” (1906), p. 76. [168] Pope’s “Homer,” ed. Buckley, Preface, p. xli. [169] _Ibid._, p. 47; and cp. Coleridge, “Biographia Literaria,” ed. Shawcross (Oxford, 1907), Vol. I, p. 2, Footnote. [170] Here it may be noted that many of Pope’s compounds in his “Homer” have no warrant in the original; they are in most cases supplied by Pope himself, to “pad out” his verses, or, more rarely, as paraphrases of Greek words or phrases. [171] Shawcross, _op. cit._, p. 2, Footnote. [172] “Lives” ed. Hill, _op. cit._, Vol. III, p. 298.