[Illustration: Fig. 205.--Mixing bowl, of bronze in part inlaid with silver.] Hot water was often preferred for mixing with wine, and small heaters of ornamental design were sometimes used upon the table. The ancient name for these utensils is _authepsa_, 'self-cooker'; the appropriateness of it is apparent from an example found at Pompeii, in which the coals of fire were entirely concealed from view. [Illustration: Fig. 206.--Water heater for the table, view and section.] This heater (Fig. 206) has the form of an urn. In the middle is a tube, the bottom of which is closed by a diminutive grate; the arrangement is shown in the section at the right. In this tube the coals were placed, and when the water in the urn was hot, it could be drawn off by means of a faucet at the side. Back of the faucet is a small vertical vent tube. [Illustration: Fig. 207.--Water heater in the form of a brazier.] [Illustration: Fig. 208.--Water heater in the form of a brazier representing a diminutive fortress.] [Illustration: Fig. 210.--Combs.] [Illustration: Fig. 209.--Appliances for the bath.] In some cases the appearance of a heater was more suggestive of its purpose. One (Fig. 207) has the form of an ordinary brazier, the water being heated in the hollow space about the fire pan. In another instance (Fig. 208) the brazier is ornamented with towers and battlements like those of a diminutive fortress; the faucet can be seen in our illustration, on the left side. An interesting group of toilet appliances for the bath was found in the Baths north of the Forum (Fig. 209). Hanging from a ring were an unguent flask, four scrapers (_strigiles_), and a shallow saucer with a handle in which the unguent was poured out when it was to be applied. One of the scrapers is repeated in a side view at the right, and both side and front views of the unguent saucer are given. Small articles of toilet are discovered in a good state of preservation. The forms in most cases do not differ greatly from those to which we are accustomed. The fine comb seen in Fig. 210 _a_ is of bone; the two coarse combs (Fig. 210 _b_ and Fig. 214 _d_) are of bronze. [Illustration: Fig. 211.--Hairpins. Underneath, two small ivory toilet boxes.] [Illustration: Fig. 212.--Glass box for cosmetics.] [Illustration: Fig. 213.--Hand mirrors.] [Illustration: Fig. 214.--Group of toilet articles. _a._ Standing mirror. _b._ Ear cleaner. _c._ Ivory box for cosmetics. _d._ Bronze comb.] The ends of the hairpins were often ornamented with figures. The specimens shown in Fig. 211 are of ivory. The designs in which female figures appear are in keeping with the use, but the ornamentation for the most part seems excessive.