Popular lectures on scientific subjects : $b Second series, with an autobiography of the authorHelmholtz, Hermann von
Science
Popular lectures on scientific subjects : $b Second series, with an autobiography of the author
Helmholtz, Hermann von
Science; Universities and colleges -- Germany
It cannot be doubted that this analytical tendency of physical inquiry
has assumed another character; that it has just cast off that which was
the means of placing Magnus towards it in some degree of antagonism. He
tried to maintain, at least in former years, that the business of the
mathematical and that of the experimental physicist are quite distinct
from one another; that a young man who wishes to pursue physics would
have to decide between the two. It appears to me, on the contrary, that
the conviction is constantly gaining ground, that in the present more
advanced state of science those only can experimentalise profitably
who have a clear-sighted knowledge of theory, and know how to propound
and pursue the right questions; and, on the other hand, only those can
theorise with advantage who have great practice in experiments. The
discovery of spectrum analysis is the most brilliant example within our
recollection of such an interpenetration of theoretical knowledge and
experimental skill.
I am not aware whether Magnus subsequently expressed other views as to
the relation of experimental and mathematical physics. In any case,
those who regard his former desertion of mathematical physics as a
reaction against the misuse of speculation carried too far, must also
admit that in the older mathematical physics there are many reasons
for this dislike, and that, on the other hand, he received with the
greatest pleasure the results which Kirchhoff, Sir W. Thomson, and
others had developed out of new facts from theoretical starting-points.
I may here be permitted to adduce my own experience. My researches were
mostly developed in a manner against which Magnus tried to guard; yet I
never found in him any but the most willing and friendly recognition.
It is, however, natural that every one, relying upon his own
experience, should recommend to others, as most beneficial, the way
which best suits his own nature, and by which he has made the quickest
progress. And if we are all of the same opinion that the task of
science is to find the _Laws of Facts_, then each one may be left free
either to plunge into facts, and to search where he might come upon
traces of laws still unknown, or from laws already known to search out
the points where new facts are to be discovered. But just as we all,
like Magnus, are opposed to the theorist who holds it unnecessary to
prove experimentally the hypothetical results which seem axioms to him,
so would Magnus--as his works decidedly show--pronounce with us against
that kind of excessive empiricism which sets out to discover facts
which fit to no rule, and which also try carefully to avoid a law, or a
possible connection between newly discovered facts.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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