An astronomer once calculated that human beings could not exist on the
sun, apart from its great heat, because they would be crushed to pieces
there by their own weight. The greater mass of this body would also
make the weight of the human body there much greater. But on the moon,
because here we should be much lighter, we could jump as high as the
church-steeples without any difficulty, with the same muscular power
which we now possess. Statues and "plaster" casts of syrup are
undoubtedly things of fancy, even on the moon, but maple-syrup would
flow so slowly there that we could easily build a maple-syrup man on the
moon, for the fun of the thing, just as our children here build
snow-men.
Accordingly, if liquids have no form of their own with us on earth, they
have, perhaps, a form of their own on the moon, or on some smaller and
lighter heavenly body. The problem, then, simply is to get rid of the
effects of gravity; and, this done, we shall be able to find out what
the peculiar forms of liquids are.
The problem was solved by Plateau of Ghent, whose method was to immerse
the liquid in another of the same specific gravity.[1] He employed for
his experiments oil and a mixture of alcohol and water. By Archimedes's
well-known principle, the oil in this mixture loses its entire weight.
It no longer sinks beneath its weight; its formative forces, be they
ever so weak, are now in full play.
As a fact, we now see, to our surprise, that the oil, instead of
spreading out into a layer, or lying in a formless mass, assumes the
shape of a beautiful and perfect sphere, freely suspended in the
mixture, as the moon is in space. We can construct in this way a sphere
of oil several inches in diameter.
If, now, we affix a thin plate to a wire and insert the plate in the oil
sphere, we can, by twisting the wire between our fingers, set the whole
ball in rotation. Doing this, the ball assumes an oblate shape, and we
can, if we are skilful enough, separate by such rotation a ring from the
ball, like that which surrounds Saturn. This ring is finally rent
asunder, and, breaking up into a number of smaller balls, exhibits to us
a kind of model of the origin of the planetary system according to the
hypothesis of Kant and Laplace.
[Illustration: Fig. 1.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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