Produced by Chuck Greif and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by the Digital & Multimedia Center, Michigan State University Libraries.) [Note of transcriber: $ is used to indicate the cifrão, symbol for escudos. Where [= ] surrounds a letter it indicates that the letter was written with a line above it.] [Illustration: FROM THE MARVILLA, SANTAREM.] [Illustration: FROM THE MARVILLA, SANTAREM; ALSO IN THE MATRIZ, ALVITO, AND ELSEWHERE.] PORTUGUESE ARCHITECTURE BY WALTER CRUM WATSON _ILLUSTRATED_ LONDON ARCHIBALD CONSTABLE AND COMPANY LIMITED 1908 Edinburgh: T. and A. CONSTABLE, Printers to His Majesty AOS MEUS QUERIDOS PARENTES E AMIGOS A ILL^{MA} E EX^{MA} SN^{RA} M. L. DOS PRADOS LARGOS E OS ILL^{MOS} E EX^{MOS} SNR^{ES} BARONEZA E BARÃO DE SOUTELLINHO COMO RECONHECIMENTO PELAS AMABILIDADES E ATTENÇÕES QUE ME DISPENSARAM NOS BELLOS DIAS QUE PASSEI NA SUA COMPANHIA COMO HOMENAGEM RESPEITOSA O.D.C. O AUCTOR PREFACE The buildings of Portugal, with one or two exceptions, cannot be said to excel or even to come up to those of other countries. To a large extent the churches are without the splendid furniture which makes those of Spain the most romantic in the world, nor are they in themselves so large or so beautiful. Some apology, then, may seem wanted for imposing on the public a book whose subject-matter is not of first-class importance. The present book is the outcome of visits to Portugal in April or May of three successive years; and during these visits the writer became so fond of the country and of its people, so deeply interested in the history of its glorious achievements in the past, and in the buildings which commemorate these great deeds, that it seemed worth while to try and interest others in them. Another reason for writing about Portugal instead of about Spain is that the country is so much smaller that it is no very difficult task to visit every part and see the various buildings with one's own eyes: besides, in no language does there exist any book dealing with the architecture of the country as a whole. There are some interesting monographs in Portuguese about such buildings as the palace at Cintra, or Batalha, while the Renaissance has been fully treated by Albrecht Haupt, but no one deals at all adequately with what came before the time of Dom Manoel. Most of the plans in the book were drawn from rough measurements taken on the spot and do not pretend to minute accuracy. For the use of that of the Palace at Cintra the thanks of the writer are due to Conde de Sabugosa, who allowed it to be copied from his book, while the plan of Mafra was found in an old magazine.