Post-Augustan Poetry From Seneca to JuvenalButler, Harold Edgeworth
History
Post-Augustan Poetry From Seneca to Juvenal
Butler, Harold Edgeworth
Latin poetry -- History and criticism; Rome -- In literature
These lines may be no more than an academic exercise on a commonplace
theme, but there can be no doubt of their artistic success. We find the
same simplicity in Columella, but not the same art. Compare them with
the work of Petronius' contemporary, Calpurnius Siculus, and there is
all the difference between true poetry and mere poetising. More
passionate and more convincing is the elegiac poem celebrating the
poet's return to the scene of former happiness:
o litus vita mihi dulcius, o mare! felix,
cui licet ad terras ire subinde tuas!
o formosa dies! hoc quondam rure solebam
naidas alterna[335] sollicitare manu.
hic fontis lacus est, illic sinus egerit algas:
haec statio est tacitis fida cupidinibus.
pervixi; neque enim fortuna malignior umquam
eripiet nobis, quod prior aura dedit.[336]
O shore, O sea, that I love more than life! Happy is he
that may straightway visit the lands ye border. O fairest
day! 'Twas here that once I was wont to swim and vex the
sea-nymphs with my hands' alternate strokes. Here is a
stream's deep pool, there the bay casts up its seaweed: here
is a spot that can faithfully guard the secret of one's love.
I have lived my life to the full; nor can grudging fortune
ever rob me of that which her favouring breeze once gave me.
But Petronius can attain to equal success in other veins. Now we have a
fragment in the epic style containing a simile at once original and
beautiful:
haec ait et tremulo deduxit vertice canos
consecuitque genas; oculis nec defuit imber,
sed qualis rapitur per vallis improbus amnis,
cum gelidae periere nives et languidus auster
non patitur glaciem resoluta vivere terra,
gurgite sic pleno facies manavit et alto
insonuit gemitu turbato murmure pectus.[337]
He spake, and rent the white hair on his trembling head
and tore his cheeks, and his eyes streamed with a flood of
tears. As when a resistless river sweeps down the valley
when the chill snows have melted and the languid south wind
thaws the earth and suffers not the ice to remain, even so
his face streamed with a torrent of weeping and his breast
groaned loud with a confused murmur of sorrow.
Elsewhere we find him writing in satirical vein of the origin of
religion,[338] on the decay of virtue,[339] on the hardship of the
married state[340]:
'uxor legis onus, debet quasi census amari.'
nec censum vellem semper amare meum.
'One should love one's wife as one loves one's fortune.'
Nay, I desire not always to love even my fortune.
But it is in a love-poem that he reaches his highest achievement:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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