Post-Augustan Poetry From Seneca to JuvenalButler, Harold Edgeworth
History
Post-Augustan Poetry From Seneca to Juvenal
Butler, Harold Edgeworth
Latin poetry -- History and criticism; Rome -- In literature
Night began to shroud Phoebus with her humid pall and shed
her blue darkness o'er the earth. He drew nigh the forest,
and from a high knoll espied the gleam of warriors' shields
and plumed helmets, where the boughs of the wood left a space,
and in the shadow before him the quivering fire of the moonbeam
played o'er their brazen armour. Dumbstruck at what he saw, he
yet pursued his way, only he made ready for the fight his
bristling javelins and the sword sheathed to its hilt. He was
the first to speak: 'Whence come ye?' he asked, in fear, yet
haughty still. 'And why hide ye thus armoured for the fray?'
There came no answer, and their ominous silence told him no
peace nor loyalty was there.
The fight that follows, though it occupies more than 160 lines, is
intensely rapid and vigorous; indeed it is the one genuinely exciting
combat in Latin epic, and forms a refreshing contrast to the
pseudo-Homeric or pseudo-Vergilian combats before the walls of Thebes.
In no other portion of the _Thebais_ does Statius attain to such
success, with the exception of the passage already quoted descriptive of
the death of Amphiaraus. But there are other passages of sustained
merit, such as the vigorous description of the struggle of Hippomedon
with the waters of Ismenus and Asopus.[5671] While it is not
particularly interesting to those acquainted with the corresponding
passage in the _Iliad_, it would be unjust to deny the gifts of vigour
and invention to the Latin poet's imitation.
It is, however, rather in smaller and more minute pictures that Statius
as a rule excels. The picture of the baby Opheltes left by his nurse is
pretty enough (iv. 787):
at puer in gremio vernae telluris et alto
gramine nunc faciles sternit procursibus herbas
in vultum nitens, caram modo lactis egeno
nutricem plangore ciens iterumque renidens
et teneris meditans verba inluctantia labris
miratur nemorum strepitus aut obvia carpit
aut patulo trahit ore diem nemorisque malorum
inscius et vitae multum securus inerrat.
But the child, lying face downward in the bosom of the vernal
earth, now as he crawls in the deep herbage lays low the
yielding grass; now cries for his loved nurse athirst for milk,
and then, all smiles again, with infant lips frames words in
stumbling speech, marvels at the sounds of the woods, gathers
what lies before him, or open-mouthed drinks in the day; and
knowing naught of the dangers of the woods, with ne'er a care
in life, roams here and there.
Fine, too, in a different way is the sinister picture of Eteocles left
sole king in Thebes (i. 165):
quis tunc tibi, saeve,
quis fuit ille dies, vacua cum solus in aula
respiceres ius omne tuum cunctosque minores
et nusquam par stare caput?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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