The shapes and uses of the Greek vases, cups, jugs, etc., etc., are many. We mention here those most known as follows: for holding oil, wine, etc., etc., _amphora_, _pelice_, _stamnos_; for carrying water, etc., _hydria_, _kalpis_, or _calpis_; for mixing wine and water, etc., _krater_, _oxybaphon_, _kelebe_; for pouring water, wine, etc., _oenochoe_, _cruche_, or _kruche_, _olpe_, _prochoos_; for cups and drinking-vessels, _cylix_, or _kylix_, _kantharos_, _kyathos_, _rhyton_, _skyphos_, _phiale_, etc., etc.; for perfumes, ointments, etc., _lekythos_, or _lecythos_, _alabastron_, _cotyle_, or _kotyle_, _aryballos_, etc. [Illustration: FIG. 4.--_Hydria._] The vases most known are these: The _amphora_ (Figs. 36, 37, 38, 39), a name applied to vases with two handles, sometimes with a pointed base to thrust into the ground or to be set into a tripod; great numbers of these exist, and in various shapes, some of which will appear in our illustrations. The _amphoræ_ were used to hold wine, oil, wheat, and a great variety of other articles. The _hydria_ (Figs. 41 and 42) and _kalpis_ were used to carry water. The former has one handle. The _krater_ or _crater_ (Fig. 40) was a large, open-mouthed vessel used for mixing wine with water. The _cruche_ (Fig. 43) and _oeochoe_ were jugs or pitchers used to pour liquids at the symposia. The _kylix_ or _cylix_ (Figs. 33 and 34), the _rhyton_ (Fig. 35), and the _kyathos_, were drinking-cups used at feasts. The _lekythos_, and _kotyle_ and _alabastron_, were used for perfumes, pomatums, and other such luxuries for the bath and the toilet; and we may believe, from the number of these found, that woman in those antique days was careful to enhance her charms. [Illustration: FIG. 42.--_Hydria._] We give two examples of the cylix or kylix used for a drinking-cup, which always carried two handles. The first (Fig. 33) is of the earliest period, and is more severe than the last. It is ornamented with the Greek fret, with zigzags or chevrons, etc., etc., of simple design. The other (Fig. 34) is more graceful and finished in form, and has a more elaborate design, which, however, seems to me quite behind the work found on the cups of the "Fine Style." [Illustration: FIG. 43.--_Vase for Libations._] We give some particulars of the Greek vases, mostly from the collections of the Louvre at Paris. Some of the AMPHORÆ were designed for particular uses; as, for example, for prizes to the victors of the public games (Fig. 36). The fashion which prevails with us of giving cups for prizes at our races, etc. (usually pieces of silver), is a fashion which began with the Greeks, and has continued till to-day. Sometimes these vases were filled with oil made from the olive blessed by Minerva. We may well believe such amphoræ so won were highly valued; and this will explain the curious history of the one now in the Museum of the Louvre.