I have originated a much better method which is in use in my
laboratory, and can be applied to the staining of frozen sections
of fresh tissues in large numbers for class use. The sections are
floated from the salt-solution on to a warm solution of New Orleans
baking molasses diluted ten times, or a dilute sugar-dextrin
solution, and thence are floated on to a clean glass plate and
arranged in rows. The plate is drained, and then without drying is
immersed in absolute alcohol for 15-30 seconds; it is then flooded
with a thin celloidin, drained, the celloidin film allowed to set,
and the plate then put into warm water, where the celloidin sheet
floats off, carrying the sections, which can now be cut out and
treated as single celloidin sections, or the whole sheet can be
carried through the staining, dehydrating and clearing solutions to
be cut up into single sections before mounting.
CHAPTER XIX.
THE PRESERVATION OF MACROSCOPIC PREPARATIONS.
For preserving gross objects for museum specimens alcohol or formol
may be employed. The former bleaches the tissues so that ultimately
they are almost destitute of color. Formol in a 5 per cent solution
gives better color-effects than alcohol, as the blood-containing
parts remain darker. The fluid also remains clear and the tissues
are firm. When alcohol is used the fluid must be frequently changed,
as it becomes turbid and yellowish, and the tissues finally become
soft and lose their form. The best methods of preserving the natural
color are found in the various modifications of the =Kaiserling
method=. The organs or tissues are placed first in a formol solution
until they are just hardened, the formol changing the oxyhæmoglobin
into acid hæmatin. They are then transferred to alcohol to bring
back the natural color, which is accomplished by the change of the
acid hæmatin to an alkali hæmatin, which has a color very closely
resembling that of oxyhæmoglobin, so that the natural color is
approximately reproduced. The method is carried out as follows:—
Sol. I.—Formalin 200 cc.
Water 1,000 cc.
Potassium nitrate 15 grms.
Potassium acetate 30 grms.
The tissues are left in this solution, in the dark, for one to
several days, being watched carefully to see that they are not
over-hardened.
Sol. II.—80 per cent alcohol for 1-6 hours and then 95 per cent
until the color is fully restored (2-24 hours). Watch carefully and
remove as soon as best color effect is reached, and preserve in—
Sol. III.—Glycerin 400 cc.
Water 2,000 cc.
Potassium acetate 200 grms.
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