2. Decalcify in Ebner’s hydrochloric acid solution. Wash thoroughly. After-harden in alcohol. Imbed in celloidin or paraffin. Cut very thin sections. 3. Water for 10 minutes. 4. Stain in the alkaline-thionin solution, as in previous method, for 3 minutes. 5. Wash in water. 6. With glass needles transfer sections to a saturated watery solution of phosphotungstic or phosphomolybdic acid for a few seconds. 7. Wash 5-10 minutes, until section is sky-blue in color. 8. Fix the stain for 3-5 minutes in ammonia 1 part, water 10 parts. 9. Transfer directly to 90 per cent alcohol; change twice. 10. Dehydrate; clear in carbol-xylol; balsam. If the ground-substance is too dark differentiate in acid alcohol before dehydrating, and then wash thoroughly before beginning the dehydration. Outlines of lacunæ and canaliculi are dark blue; ground-substance a light or greenish blue; cellular elements a diffuse blue. Schmorl advises this method for growing bone; in rickets the well-ossified areas alone stain well. Both of the Schmorl methods can be used for the study of =teeth= as well. Staining of Sharpey’s Fibres (v. Kölliker). 1. Harden, decalcify, imbed, cut. 2. Place section in strong acetic acid until it becomes transparent. 3. Stain in a saturated watery solution of indigo carmine for 15-16 seconds. 4. Wash in water; mount in glycerin. Fibres red; ground-substance blue. III. CARTILAGE. Cartilage stains deeply with hæmatoxylin; with Weigert’s fibrin stain it holds the blue; with thionin and polychrome methylene-blue stains for mucin cartilage stains metachromatically red. IV. CONNECTIVE TISSUES. _a._ =Connective-tissue Fibrils.= The demonstration of connective-tissue fibrillæ or reticulum is of great importance in the differential diagnosis of sarcoma and carcinoma. _Van Gieson’s_ method is the best stain for the coarser fibrils, but does not bring out the finer reticulum as well as Mallory’s aniline-blue method. 1. =Mallory’s Reticulum Stain.= 1. Fix in mercuric chloride or Zenker’s. After-harden in alcohol; imbed in celloidin or paraffin; cut. 2. Stain in 1/10 aqueous acid fuchsin 5-10 minutes. 3. Transfer directly to the following solution and stain for 20 minutes or longer:— Aniline-blue, water-soluble (Grübler) 0.5 grm. Orange G (Grübler) 2.0 grms. 1 per cent aqueous solution of phosphomolybdic acid 100 cc. 4. Wash and dehydrate in several changes of 95 per cent alcohol; dry with absorbent paper. 5. Clear in xylol or origanum oil. 6. Mount in balsam.