8. =Blood-Content.= The blood-content of the organs should be estimated both before and after they are sectioned. This estimation should be based upon the color of the organ, condition of the blood-vessels, amount of blood exuded from the cut surface, number of bleeding-points (anæmia, hyperæmia, stasis). Capillary, arterial and venous hyperæmia should be differentiated when possible. Only rarely are evidences of arterial congestion seen in the cadaver. It is also necessary to observe the occurrence, location and extent of hypostasis and to differentiate antemortem and postmortem (lungs, brain, intestines, etc.). The association with œdema and inflammation, particularly in the lungs (hypostatic pneumonia) speaks for antemortem hypostasis. A red color in parts possessing no blood-vessels (heart-valves, endocardium, intima of aorta, cartilage, etc.) indicates an imbibition of diffused hæmoglobin (hæmatin-imbibition). Changes in the color of the blood (carbon monoxide, hydrocyanic acid, and hydrogen sulphide poisoning, all poisons producing methæmoglobinæmia, icterus, leukæmia, etc.) should be described and recorded; likewise all hemorrhages, extravasations, etc. 9. =Histologic Features.= After the general points given above have been considered the histologic features of the organ should be taken up in routine. For example, in the case of the spleen, the capsule, trabeculæ, pulp, stroma, follicles and vessels should be examined; in the liver, the capsule, trabeculæ, liver-acini, blood-vessels and bile-ducts; in the kidneys, capsules, cortical surface, cortex, labyrinths and medullary rays, glomeruli, columns of Bertini, medullary pyramids, vessels, pelvis and beginning of ureter. When the organs are thus systematically examined there is but little chance that anything visible to the naked eye has been overlooked. 10. =Pathologic Lesions.= Anomalies, defects, erosions, ulcers, evidences of trauma, inflammations, abscesses, tubercles, gummata, neoplasms, parasites, and all forms of pathologic changes, local or general, must be accurately located and described. The changes peculiar to certain diseases and infections must always be borne in mind during the examination of any organ in which such conditions are likely to be found. The relationship of lesions in different parts of the body must be recognized. Localized lesions must be described according to position, size, form, color, consistence, etc. Their nature must be recognized, their relation to other or to pre-existing conditions determined, the stage of the process estimated, and the part played in the causation of death ascertained.