Prairie Farmer, Vol. 56: No. 12, March 22, 1884: A Weekly Journal for the Farm, Orchard and Fireside — John Shaqi
Prairie Farmer, Vol. 56: No. 12, March 22, 1884: A Weekly Journal for the Farm, Orchard and FiresideVarious
Science
Prairie Farmer, Vol. 56: No. 12, March 22, 1884: A Weekly Journal for the Farm, Orchard and Fireside
Various
Agriculture -- United States -- Periodicals; Farm life -- Periodicals; United States -- Rural conditions -- Periodicals
The cheeses are turned at first once a day, and afterward every second
day, unless in damp weather, when daily turning is absolutely necessary.
In three or four days after the cheeses are placed in the drying-room they
become speckled; in another week they are covered with a thick crop of
white mold, which by degrees deepens to a dark yellow, the outside of the
cheese becoming less and less sticky. At the end of about a month, when
the cheese no longer sticks to the fingers, it is taken to the finishing
room, where light is nearly excluded, and the atmosphere is kept very
still and slightly damp. Here they remain three or four weeks, being
turned every day or every second day, according to the season, and
carefully examined periodically. When ready for market--that is to say, in
winter, when ripe, and in summer, when half ripe--they are made up in
packets of six, by means of straw and paper, with great skill and
neatness.
Few Words and More Butter.
The Wisconsin Dairymen's Association last year offered prizes for the best
essays on butter-making, the essays not to exceed 250 words. Competition
was active, and many valuable little treatises was the result. The first
prize was won by D. W. Curtis, of Fort Atkinson, and reads as follows. We
commend it to all butter-makers and to all writers of essays as a model of
the boiled-down essence of brevity:
COWS.
Select cows rich in butter-making qualities.
FEED.
Pastures should be dry, free from slough-holes, well seeded with different
kinds of tame grasses, so that good feed is assured. If timothy or clover,
cut early and cure properly. Feed corn, stalks, pumpkins, ensilage and
plenty of vegetables in winter.
GRAIN.
Corn and oats, corn and bran, oil meal in small quantities.
WATER.
Let cows drink only such water as you would yourself.
CARE OF COWS.
Gentleness and cleanliness.
MILKING.
Brush the udder to free it from impurities. Milk in a clean barn, well
ventilated, quickly, cheerfully, with clean hands and pail. Seldom change
milkers.
CARE OF MILK.
Strain while warm; submerge in water 48 degrees. Open setting 60 degrees.
SKIMMING.
Skim at twelve hours; at twenty-four hours.
CARE OF CREAM.
Care must be exercised to ripen cream by frequent stirrings, keeping at 60
degrees until slightly sour.
UTENSILS.
Better have one cow less than be without a thermometer. Churns without
inside fixtures. Lever butter worker. Keep sweet and clean.
CHURNING.
Stir the cream thoroughly; temper to 60 degrees; warm or cool with water.
Churn immediately when properly soured, slowly at first, with regular
motion, in 40 to 60 minutes. When butter is formed in granules the size of
wheat kernels, draw off the buttermilk; wash with cold water and brine
until no trace of buttermilk is left.
WORKING AND SALTING.
Let the water drain out; weigh the butter; salt, one ounce to the pound;
sift salt on the butter, and work with lever worker. Set away two to four
hours; lightly re-work and pack.
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