Prairie, Peak, and Plateau: A Guide to the Geology of Colorado — John Shaqi
Prairie, Peak, and Plateau: A Guide to the Geology of ColoradoChronic, John
Science
Prairie, Peak, and Plateau: A Guide to the Geology of Colorado
Chronic, John
Geology -- Colorado -- Guidebooks
The Wet Mountains are the easternmost range of the Rockies south of
Canon City. Their crest has a distinct northwest-southeast trend, with
the north end offset about 25 miles westward from the south end of the
Front Range. The Canon City Embayment lies at the junction between the
ranges.
Though smaller and lower than the Front Range, the Wet Mountains include
many pleasant and easily accessible recreation areas and a number of
attractive streams and reservoirs. Greenhorn Peak, the summit of the
range, is 12,334 feet high. It is formed of Precambrian granite, as is
most of the crest of the range.
The structure of the eastern side of the Wet Mountains is similar to
that of the Front Range, except that there are more faults in the
sedimentary layers. The southern end plunges southeastward into the
plains. On the western side, westward-dipping sediments are completely
submerged in Cenozoic lava flows and debris from the mountains. Ore
minerals very like those of the Front Range occur near Silver Cliff, but
they have so far proved to be of little economic importance.
Sangre de Cristo Range and Spanish Peaks
The Sangre de Cristo Mountains are visible from many parts of
southeastern Colorado as a jagged, sawtoothed, snow-crested ridge on the
western skyline. They extend about 150 miles from the Arkansas River
near Salida southward into New Mexico.
Few mountain ranges form so impassable a barrier as the Sangre de
Cristos. Only at La Veta Pass does a highway cross the range. However,
old wagon roads, passable now by jeep or on foot, once existed across
Hayden, Music, Mosca, and Whiskey Creek Passes.
Often no more than twenty miles wide, the central portion of the range
is composed largely of red Late Paleozoic sediments like those exposed
in the Garden of the Gods and Red Rocks Park. These rocks are
intricately folded and faulted, but not metamorphosed. They include
sandstones, shale, conglomerates, and fossil-bearing limestones. The
northern end of the range is formed of Precambrian igneous and
metamorphic rocks.
Just west of La Veta Pass, Sierra Blanca stands as an outpost of the
range where its continuity is interrupted and its structure changed.
Huge blocks of Precambrian granite were here pushed upward and thrust
westward to form a cluster of peaks, several of which are over 14,000
feet in elevation.
Many prominent rock glaciers are present in the Sangre de Cristo
Mountains. They are composed of fragments of rock, lubricated by snow
and ice, creeping almost imperceptibly down the steep flanks of the high
peaks. One of these rock glaciers can be seen on the slope of Mt. Mestas
east of La Veta Pass; others are visible from Great Sand Dunes National
Monument.
South of La Veta Pass, an igneous intrusion along the axis of the range
changes the character of the Sangre de Cristos. This intrusion is harder
and has weathered more slowly than the rest of the range, and forms a
group of prominent peaks known as the Culebra Range.
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