English poetry -- 19th century -- History and criticism; Pre-Raphaelitism in literature
It would require several lectures to give a summary of Browning's
plays; and they do not always represent his best genius. For it is a
curious fact that this man who, as a simple poet, was the greatest of
English dramatists after Shakespeare, was rarely quite successful when
he attempted the true dramatic form. He was great in the monologue; he
was not great upon the stage. Some of his plays were acted, such as
"Strafford" and "The Blot on the 'Scutcheon"; but they did not prove to
be worthy of great success. "In a Balcony," which could not be put upon
the stage at all, is much better; and perhaps it is better because it
consists only of two monologues, or rather of a conversation between
two persons; for the part taken by the other actors is altogether
insignificant. "The Return of the Druses" and "Luria," like Tennyson's
dramas, are excellent poetry, but they are not suited for the stage.
The best of all Browning's dramas, the only one that I really want
you to read, is "A Soul's Tragedy." I may say a word about the plot
of this. It is a story of friendship between two young men, patriots
and statesmen. In a political crisis one of the young men stabs a
political enemy, and has fled from the country. But before fleeing, he
trusts all his interests and his property to his friend, and asks the
friend also to take care of his betrothed. What does the friend do?
Exposed to great temptation, he betrays his trust. He sees a chance to
obtain political power by pretending to be the man who really stabbed
the politician on the other side--the tyrant of an hour. The people
acclaim him as their saviour, make him dictator. Then he goes further
in his treachery, by making love to his friend's sweetheart. At last
a Roman statesman, Ogniben, appears upon the scene, with power to
crush the revolution, or to do anything that he pleases. But Ogniben
is a terribly clever man, and he does not want bloodshed; he knows the
character of the new dictator, and determines to play with him, as a
cat with a mouse. First he flatters him enough to make him betray all
his weaknesses, his vanities, his fears. Then, at quite the unexpected
moment, he summons the young man who had run away, I mean the friend
betrayed, and brings him face to face with the treacherous dictator.
The result is of course a moral collapse; that is the real Soul's
Tragedy. I am giving only a thin skeleton of the plot. But you ought
to read this play, if only for the wonderful studies of character in
it, not the least remarkable of which is the awful Ogniben, far-seeing,
cunning beyond cunning, strong beyond force, who can unravel plots
with a single word and pierce all masks of hypocrisy with a single
glance; but whom you feel to be, in a large way, generous and kindly,
and so far as possible, just. I think not only that this is Browning's
greatest play, but that as a play it is psychologically superior to
anything else which has been done in Victorian drama. It is not fit for
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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