English poetry -- 19th century -- History and criticism; Pre-Raphaelitism in literature
So far the poem is so simple that no one could expect anything very
beautiful in the sequence. We only have a conversation between a
pilgrim from the Holy Land, returned to his native country (probably
mediæval France), and a peasant or yeoman belonging to the estate of
a certain Queen. We may suspect, however, from the conversation, that
the pilgrim is a knight or noble, and probably has been a crusader. He
sees that the country has been ravaged by some merciless enemy; and
the peasant tells him that it was Duke Luke. The peasant's house is
burning; he himself is hiding in terror of his life. But the pilgrim is
not afraid, and goes to see the Queen in spite of all warning. One can
imagine very well that the purpose of the Duke in thus making war upon
a woman was to force a marriage as well as to acquire territory. Now it
was the duty of a true knight to help any woman unjustly oppressed or
attacked; therefore the pilgrim's wish to see the Queen is prompted by
this sense of duty. Hereafter the poem has an entirely different tone.
The Queen sat idle by her loom:
She heard the arras stir,
And looked up sadly: through the room
The sweetness sickened her
Of musk and myrrh.
Her women, standing two and two,
In silence combed the fleece.
The Pilgrim said, "Peace be with you,
Lady"; and bent his knees.
She answered, "Peace."
Her eyes were like the wave within;
Like water-reeds the poise
Of her soft body, dainty-thin;
And like the water's noise
Her plaintive voice.
The naked walls of rooms during the Middle Ages were covered with
drapery or tapestry, on which figures were embroidered or woven.
_Arras_ was the name given to a kind of tapestry made at the town of
Arras in France.
For him, the stream had never well'd
In desert tracts malign
So sweet; nor had he ever felt
So faint in the sunshine
Of Palestine.
Right so, he knew that he saw weep
Each night through every dream
The Queen's own face, confused in sleep
With visages supreme
Not known to him.
At this point the poem suddenly becomes mystical. It is not chance nor
will that has brought these two together, but some divine destiny. As
he sees the Queen's face for the first time with his eyes, he remembers
having seen the same face many times before in his dreams. And when he
saw it in dreams, it was also the face of a woman weeping; and there
were also other faces in the dream, not human but "supreme"--probably
angels or other heavenly beings.
"Lady," he said, "your lands lie burnt
And waste: to meet your foe
All fear: this I have seen and learnt.
Say that it shall be so,
And I will go."
She gazed at him. "Your cause is just,
For I have heard the same:"
He said: "God's strength shall be my trust.
Fall it to good or grame,
'Tis in His name."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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