English poetry -- 19th century -- History and criticism; Pre-Raphaelitism in literature
While we are discussing the ballads and shorter narrative poems, let us
now consider Rossetti simply as a story-teller, and see how wonderful
he is in some of those lighter productions in which he brought the
art of the refrain to a perfection which nobody else, except perhaps
Swinburne, has equalled. Among the ballads there is but one, "Stratton
Water," conceived altogether after the old English fashion; and this
has no refrain. I do not know that any higher praise can be given to
it than the simple statement that it is a perfect imitation of the
old ballad--at least so far as a perfect imitation is possible in the
nineteenth century. Should there be any criticism allowable, it could
be only this, that the tenderness and pathos are somewhat deeper, and
somewhat less rough in utterance, than we expect in a ballad of the
fourteenth or fifteenth century. Yet there is no stanza in it for which
some parallel might not be found in ballads of the old time. It is
nothing more than the story of a country girl seduced by a nobleman,
who nevertheless has no intention of being cruel or unfaithful. Just as
she is about to drown herself, or rather to let herself be drowned, he
rescues her from the danger, marries her in haste to save appearances,
and makes her his wife. There is nothing more of narrative, and no
narrative could be more simple. But as the great pains and great joys
of life are really in simple things, the simplest is capable of almost
infinite expansion when handled by a true artist. Certainly in English
poetry there is no ballad more beautiful than this; nor can we imagine
it possible to do anything more with so slight a theme. It contains
nothing, however, calling for elaborate explanation or comment; I need
only recommend you to read it and to feel it.
It is otherwise in the case of such ballads as "Sister Helen" and
"The White Ship."--"The White Ship" is a little too long for full
reproduction in the lecture; but we can point out its special beauties.
"Sister Helen," although rather long also, we must study the whole
of, partly because it has become so very famous, and partly because
it deals with emotions and facts of the Middle Ages requiring careful
interpretation. Perhaps it is the best example of story telling in
the shorter pieces of Rossetti--not because its pictures are more
objectively vivid than the themes of the "White Ship," but because it
is more subjectively vivid, dealing with the extremes of human passion,
hate, love, revenge, and religious despair. All these are passions
peculiarly coloured by the age in which the story is supposed to
happen, the age of belief in magic, in ghosts, and in hell-fire.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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