English poetry -- 19th century -- History and criticism; Pre-Raphaelitism in literature
"Pale, pale her cheeks, that in pride did glow,
Sister Helen,
'Neath the bridal-wreath three days ago."
"One morn for pride, and three days for woe.
Little brother!"
(_O Mother, Mary Mother_,
_Three days, three nights, between Hell and Heaven!_)
"Her clasped hands stretch from her bending head,
Sister Helen;
With the loud wind's wail her sobs are wed."
"What wedding-strains hath her bridal bed,
Little brother?"
(_O Mother, Mary Mother_,
_What strain but death's, between Hell and Heaven?_)
You must remember that the word "strains" is, nearly always used in the
sense of musical tones, and that "wedding-strains" means the joyful
music played at a wedding. Thus the ferocity of Helen's mockery becomes
apparent, for it was upon the bridal night that the bridegroom was
first bewitched; and from the moment of his marriage, therefore, he has
been screaming in agony.
The climax of hatred is in the next stanza. After that the tone begins
to reverse, and gradually passes away in the melancholy of eternal
despair.
"She may not speak, she sinks in a swoon,
Sister Helen,--
She lifts her lips and gasps on the moon."
"Oh! might I but hear her soul's blithe tune,
Little brother!"
(_O Mother, Mary Mother_,
_Her woe's dumb cry, between Hell and Heaven!_)
To "gasp" means to open the mouth in the effort to get breath, as one
does in a fit of hysterics, or in time of great agony. "Gasps on the
moon" means that she gasps with her face turned up toward the moon. In
the last line we have the words "blithe tune" used in the same tone of
terrible irony as that with which the word "wedding-strain" was used in
the preceding stanza. "Blithe" means "merry." Helen is angry because
the other woman has fainted; having fainted, she has become for the
moment physically incapable of suffering. But Helen thinks that her
soul must be conscious and suffering as much as ever; therefore she
wishes that she could hear the suffering of the soul, since she cannot
longer hear the outcries of the body.
"They've caught her to Westholm's saddle-bow,
Sister Helen,
And her moonlit hair gleams white in its flow."
"Let it turn whiter than winter-snow,
Little brother!"
(_O Mother, Mary Mother_,
_Woe-withered gold, between Hell and Heaven!_)
The allusion is to the physiological fact that intense moral pain, or
terrible fear, sometimes turns the hair of a young person suddenly
white.
"O Sister Helen, you heard the bell,
Sister Helen!
More loud than the vesper-chime it fell."
"No vesper-chime, but a dying knell,
Little brother!"
(_O Mother, Mary Mother_,
_His dying knell, between Hell and Heaven!_)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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