Preface to a Dictionary of the English LanguageJohnson, Samuel
General
Preface to a Dictionary of the English Language
Johnson, Samuel
English language -- Dictionaries; Lexicology
Despondency has never so far prevailed as to depress me to
negligence; some faults will at last appear to be the effects of
anxious diligence and persevering activity. The nice and subtle
ramifications of meaning were not easily avoided by a mind intent
upon accuracy, and convinced of the necessity of disentangling
combinations, and separating similitudes. Many of the distinctions
which to common readers appear useless and idle, will be found
real and important by men versed in the school philosophy, without
which no dictionary shall ever be accurately compiled, or skilfully
examined. Some senses however there are, which, though not the same,
are yet so nearly allied, that they are often confounded. Most men
think indistinctly, and therefore cannot speak with exactness; and
consequently some examples might be indifferently put to either
signification: this uncertainty is not to be imputed to me, who do
not form, but register the language; who do not teach men how they
should think, but relate how they have hitherto expressed their
thoughts.
The imperfect sense of some examples I lamented, but could not
remedy, and hope they will be compensated by innumerable passages
selected with propriety, and preserved with exactness; some shining
with sparks of imagination, and some replete with treasures of
wisdom.
The orthography and etymology, though imperfect, are not imperfect
for want of care, but because care will not always be successful,
and recollection or information come too late for use.
That many terms of art and manufacture are omitted, must be frankly
acknowledged; but for this defect I may boldly allege that it
was unavoidable: I could not visit caverns to learn the miner's
language, nor take a voyage to perfect my skill in the dialect of
navigation, nor visit the warehouses of merchants, and shops of
artificers, to gain the names of wares, tools and operations, of
which no mention is found in books; what favourable accident, or
easy enquiry brought within my reach, has not been neglected; but
it had been a hopeless labour to glean up words, by courting living
information, and contesting with the sullenness of one, and the
roughness of another.
To furnish the academicians della Crusca with words of this kind,
a series of comedies called la Fiera, or the Fair, was professedly
written by Buonaroti; but I had no such assistant, and therefore
was content to want what they must have wanted likewise, had they
not luckily been so supplied.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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