Prehistoric Indians of the SouthwestWormington, H. M. (Hannah Marie)
History
Prehistoric Indians of the Southwest
Wormington, H. M. (Hannah Marie)
Indians of North America -- Southwest, New -- Antiquities; Southwest, New -- Antiquities
From these we can gather certain clues to help us reconstruct something
of the way of life of the people who painted them. Turkeys were among
the birds most commonly represented, but a lack of turkey bones in the
refuse heaps suggests that they were not used for food. Remains of fish,
which are also commonly represented, have not been found, but this may,
of course, be due to the fragility of their bones. Most useful are the
designs showing human beings. There are some narrative scenes which show
such activities as men fighting bears, setting snares, dancing, and
picking bugs from corn plants. From pictures of people, we may learn
something of the clothing which was worn. Men are shown wearing breech
cloths. Women are sometimes represented wearing a fringed sash and
sandals. Some are shown wearing blankets which extend below the waist
and with fringed sashes hanging down in back. Their hair was worn in
whorls on the side, much like the present head dress of unmarried Hopi
girls. We know from burials that skull deformation was widely practiced,
and this adds to our knowledge of the appearance of the people. Jewelry
was rather widely worn. It is shown on human figures painted on bowls,
and examples are found in graves. Beads were made of stone and shell.
Turquoise was used in the manufacture of beads, in inlaying, and in
making pendants which were worn as ear bobs. There were many bracelets
and carved pendants of shell.
[Illustration: Fig. 56—Mimbres black-on-white pottery. Note hole in
center of upper bowl which shows that the vessel has been “killed.”
(Courtesy School of American Research.)]
Stone implements include grooved axes, hoes, large knives, projectile
points, and manos and troughed metates. Some interesting artifacts are
mortars and pestles believed to have been used for crushing nuts and
seeds. Some mortars were holes dug into rock outcrops and boulders. A
considerable number of palettes have been found. Bone was widely used in
the manufacture of awls. Some of these have decorated heads carved in
the form of mountain sheep.
During the twelfth century the Mimbres people left their old haunts. The
culture may have persisted for some time in some of the outlying
districts to the south but the main area was left unoccupied. During
Regressive-Pueblo times it was inhabited for a time by Pueblo people,
but there were no occupied villages at the time of Coronado. Why the
Mimbreños deserted this fertile valley, we do not know. There is no
evidence of warfare and no sign of a hurried departure. When the people
moved they must have had time to gather their belongings together and
take them with them, for only heavy stone artifacts were left behind. We
do not know where these people went after leaving the Mimbres Valley.
The best guess seems to be that they moved south into Mexico where they
were assimilated and absorbed by other groups, and that they lost their
identity among the people of Chihuahua.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account