Prehistoric Indians of the SouthwestWormington, H. M. (Hannah Marie)
History
Prehistoric Indians of the Southwest
Wormington, H. M. (Hannah Marie)
Indians of North America -- Southwest, New -- Antiquities; Southwest, New -- Antiquities
Although burials are commonly found in the refuse heaps associated with
the small dwellings of Chaco Canyon, the majority of the dead of the
great communal houses have never been found. Occasional burials have
been found but not enough to account for even five per cent of the
deaths which must have occurred during the period of occupation. Many of
the graves which have been found in abandoned rooms had already been
looted by pre-archaeological grave robbers. The few undisturbed
interments which have been discovered suggest that grave offerings were
extremely rich, and, with such an incentive, archaeologists have
searched far and wide for the ancient cemeteries, but, as yet, without
success. There is no indication that cremation was practiced, so there
is still hope that some day we may find the spot where the ancient
people laid the dead to rest, and so learn more of their arts and
crafts.
Some idea of the remarkable finds which may yet be made may be gained
from a burial found in Ridge Ruin, a Great-Pueblo site about twenty
miles east of Flagstaff, Arizona.[88] Here was found the body of a man
interred with over six hundred articles, many of which show the most
remarkable workmanship. They included pottery, beautiful baskets, fine
turquoise mosaics, stone and shell ornaments, and hundreds of finely
flaked arrowheads. This was of course an unusual burial, and many of the
offerings were ceremonial objects such as would be placed in a grave
only under extraordinary circumstances, but it gives some idea of the
wealth of material which may yet be found and which will contribute to
our knowledge of the ancient Pueblo culture.
The great dwellings of Chaco Canyon apparently were abandoned in the
twelfth century, and there is no doubt a fascinating story connected
with the abandonment of these huge buildings which were erected with so
much labor and finished with such care. It is a story which we do not
yet fully understand, and, to a great extent, we can only guess at the
causes which underlay the migration. It was probably the first phase of
the general movement which eventually involved the entire population of
the northern part of the Southwest, but it is even more difficult to
account for than some of the later migrations, for there were no
particularly severe droughts at this time. There were some dry years,
however, which may have led to disastrous arroyo-cutting.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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