Prehistoric villages, castles, and towers of southwestern ColoradoFewkes, Jesse Walter
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Prehistoric villages, castles, and towers of southwestern Colorado
Fewkes, Jesse Walter
Colorado -- Antiquities; Mesa Verde National Park (Colo.) -- Antiquities; Pueblo Indians -- Antiquities
“Immediately adjoining the spring, on the right, as
we face it from below, is the ruin of a great massive
structure [Upper House?] of some kind, about 100
feet square in exterior dimensions; a portion only
of the wall upon the northern face remaining in its
original position. The _débris_ of the ruin now
forms a great mound of crumbling rock, from 12 to 20
feet in height, overgrown with artemisia, but showing
clearly, however, its rectangular structure, adjusted
approximately to the four points of the compass. Inside
this square is a circle, about 60 feet in diameter,
deeply depressed in the center. The space between
the square and the circle appeared, upon a hasty
examination, to have been filled in solidly with a
sort of rubble-masonry. Cross-walls were noticed in
two places; but whether they were to strengthen the
walls or divided apartments could only be conjectured.
That portion of the outer wall remaining standing is
some 40 feet in length and 15 in height. The stones
were dressed to a uniform size and finish. Upon the
same level as this ruin, and extending back some
distance, were grouped line after line of foundations
and mounds, the great mass of which is of stone but
not one remaining upon another.... Below the above
group, some 200 yards distant, and communicating by
indistinct lines of _débris_, is another great
wall, inclosing a space of about 200 feet square [Lower
House?].... This better preserved portion is some 50
feet in length, 7 or 8 feet in height, and 20 feet
thick, the two exterior surfaces of well-dressed and
evenly laid courses, and the center packed in solidly
with rubble-masonry, looking entirely different from
those rooms which had been filled with _débris_,
though it is difficult to assign any reason for its
being so massively constructed.... The town built about
this spring is nearly a square mile in extent, the
larger and more enduring buildings in the center, while
all about are scattered and grouped the remnants of
smaller structures, comprising the suburbs.”
The description by Professor Holmes[25] is more detailed and
accompanied by a ground plan, and is quoted below:
[24] Op. cit., pp. 377-378.
[25] Op. cit., p. 400.
“The site of the spring I found, but without the least appearance of
water. The depression formerly occupied by it is near the center of a
large mass of ruins, similar to the group [Mud Spring village] last
described, but having a rectangular instead of a circular building as
the chief and central structure. This I have called the _upper house_
in the plate, and a large walled enclosure a little lower on the slope
I have for the sake of distinction called the _lower house_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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