Preliminary report on a visit to the Navaho National Monument, ArizonaFewkes, Jesse Walter
History
Preliminary report on a visit to the Navaho National Monument, Arizona
Fewkes, Jesse Walter
Arizona -- Antiquities; Cliff-dwellings -- Arizona; Navajo National Monument (Ariz.)
Notwithstanding the limited duration of the writer’s visit to the
Navaho National Monument, a few specimens of stone, wood, pottery, and
other objects were collected. The whole pieces of pottery, numbering
14 specimens (pls. 15-18), the majority of which came probably from
Inscription House and other ruins near Red Lake, were presented to the
Smithsonian Institution by Mr. Stephen Janus, Navaho agent at Tuba, who
accompanied the writer on the trip to the Marsh Pass ruins. Fragments
of pottery were picked up on the surface at Betatakin, Kitsiel, and
several other ruins, and the most characteristic of these were brought
back to Washington. No excavations were attempted, nor could all
objects that were seen be brought away. Although up to within a few
years these ruins were practically in the condition they were when
abandoned, unfortunately of late they have been despoiled and many
beautiful specimens have been taken from them. Many objects still
remain which should be removed lest they fall into improper hands.
[Illustration:
BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BULLETIN 50 PLATE 16
_a._ ROUGH VASE OF CORRUGATED WARE
Cat. No. 257777. Height, 7 inches.
_b._ VASE WITH CONSTRICTED NECK
Cat. No. 257778. Height, 8 inches.
POTTERY FROM NAVAHO NATIONAL MONUMENT]
POTTERY
The pottery collected consists of jars, vases, food bowls, and circular
disks with a row of perforations about the margin. There are also
dipper handles and broken ladles of the usual shape. Some of these
specimens are of corrugated ware, others have smooth surfaces with
painted decoration. The proportion of corrugated and indented ware
found in the Navaho Monument ruins is about the same as in the Mesa
Verde National Park. The finest coiled ware was obtained from the
latter locality. Several fragments of flat dishes, perforated on their
margins (pl. 15, _b_), or colanders having holes in the middle, form
part of the collection.[45]
The most instructive form of pottery in the collection brought back
from northern Arizona is a decorated globular vase of black-and-white
ware (pl. 16, _b_). The decoration on this specimen is not confined
to the exterior but is found also on the inner surface of the lip; it
consists mainly of triangles so united as to form hour-glass figures. A
unique design on this vessel consists of two parallel lines, each with
dots on one side, suggesting similar bands in red on the inner wall of
the third story of the square tower of Cliff Palace.
Three small bowls of crude ware are fluted on the outside, the ridge,
or fluting, being raised somewhat above the surface of the bowl and
having a zigzag course. One of the best of these unique ceramic
forms has this fluting broken into S-shaped figures, as shown in the
accompanying illustration (pl. 17, _a_).
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