The East and West branches are not well suited for carrying logs as there are extensive lake expansions without current on each and the rapids are shallow. Excellent water-power is obtainable at the 40 foot fall on the West branch above Fort Matachewan. Wild animals are not abundant, and will probably become less so as the country is occupied by prospecting and mining camps. Moose were plentiful in 1908 and some black bears were seen. As a source of food the abundance of pickerel and pike is of much greater importance. Brook trout do not occur in the Montreal River waters, but are caught farther to the west and north. GENERAL GEOLOGY. OUTLINE OF GEOLOGICAL HISTORY. Though the geology of the region presents considerable complexity of detail, the general historical facts are distinct and go to show that the whole complex of formations and systems is capable of separation into four major divisions widely different from one another. The mutual relationships of these divisions, a knowledge of which is essential to a thorough comprehension of the geology, are succinctly expressed by the accompanying diagram. [Illustration: Fig. 3.—Diagram illustrating geological relationships of Montreal River district.] The oldest division, the Keewatin, comprises a complex association of metamorphosed rocks, principally eruptive, characterized by well-developed, secondary schistosity and prevalently dark colours. They dip at angles approaching 90° and range in texture from soft, fissile, chorite schists to fine-grained gneisses or altered diabases. In the Montreal River district the Keewatin areas are not entirely visible, being overlain by other rocks, but they are thought to represent the bottoms of trough-like folds, produced by the upward intrusion of igneous matter which now constitutes the Laurentian. The latter forms the second division, its origin being apparent from the foregoing statement. It is wholly igneous, consisting of granite and allied coarsely crystalline rocks essentially pale-coloured owing to their richness in quartz and feldspars. Gneissic structure has been developed in varying degrees, so that all gradations between granite and gneisses exist; but it never attains the perfection found in the Keewatin. Near their contacts with the Keewatin, the gneisses are apt to contain dark bands and ribbons of the latter so highly crystalline as to conceal their identity.