with characteristic unfairness, in his 'The English in Ireland;' the refutation of Mr. Lecky, in his 'England in the Eighteenth Century,' is complete. A good description of education in Ireland, in all its branches, as it existed in 1812, will be found in Edward Wakefield's 'Account of Ireland,' vol. ii. ch. xxiv.; another in Mr. Barry O'Brien's 'Fifty Years of Concessions to Ireland,' vol. i. book i.; vol ii. book x.; the author brings the narrative down to 1881. As regards high education in Ireland, reference may be made to 'The History of the University of Dublin,' by the Rev. W. Stubbs; to 'The Constitutional History of the University of Dublin,' by D. C. Heron; to the Report of Archbishop Whateley's Commission, in 1853, on the University of Dublin; to Mr. Gladstone's Irish University Bill of 1873, and the able debates on the subject in Trinity College and the House of Commons; to Mr. Fawcett's Act of 1873; to a masterly pamphlet by Butt, on the whole question, published in 1875; and to the 'Irish University Question,' by Archbishop Walsh, with recent debates in Parliament on Irish University reform. For the nature, constitution, and working of the Queen's Colleges and the Queen's University, see the debates in Parliament when Peel introduced this policy; many Reports; the work of Archbishop Walsh, _ante_; and the Act creating the Royal University in Ireland may be examined. As regards primary and secondary education in Ireland, see the Reports of the Education Commissioners from 1810 to 1825; the Reports of the National Education Board; the Reports of the Kildare, Rosse, and Powis Commissions, noticed in this work; and Mr. Godkin's 'Education in Ireland.' An excellent synopsis of the subject, as a whole, will be found in 'The Educational Systems of Great Britain and Ireland,' by Mr. Graham Balfour. WILLIAM O'CONNOR MORRIS. GARTNAMONA, TULLAMORE, _14th May, 1901_. Contents PAGES CHAPTER I IRELAND IN 1901