Art, Prehistoric; Folk literature -- History and criticism
Figs. 165-168 represent the hawk which is symbolized by an enormous
hooked beak, curved backward so that its slender point touches the
chin. In many cases the face of the bird is that of a human being, the
nose being given the shape of the symbol of the hawk. It is extended in
the form of a beak, and drawn back into the mouth, or merged into the
face below the lower lip.
On the headdress, fig. 165, the upper, larger face is that of the hawk.
The face in human; but the ears, which rise over the forehead, indicate
that an animal is meant. The body is small, and is hidden behind the
face of a sea-monster with bear’s head and flippers. The wings of the
hawk are grasped by the arms of the sea-monster whose flippers may be
seen over the arms.
Fig. 166 is the handle of a spoon on which is represented the head of a
hawk, symbolized by its beak. The top of the spoon represents a man who
is holding a small animal with a segmented body, which may represent
the dragon-fly, although the head seems rather smaller than usual.[105]
[105] See also figs. 207, 243, 257.
In figs. 167 and 168 the same symbols of the hawk will be recognized.
It is worth remarking that in most of these specimens the mouth is
entirely separated from the beak and has the form of the toothed mouth
of a mammal. A characteristic form of the hawk’s beak is shown in the
facial painting fig. 169.
[Illustration: Fig. 164. Facial painting representing the sculpin,
Haida.]
[Illustration: Fig. 165. Headdress representing a hawk, Tsimshian.]
[Illustration: Fig. 166. Handle of a spoon made of mountain-goat horn;
lowest figure representing a hawk; upper figure representing a man
holding a dragon-fly, probably Tsimshian.]
[Illustration: Fig. 167. Rattle with design of a hawk, Tlingit.]
[Illustration: Fig. 168. Dish made of horn of big-horn-sheep, Tlingit.]
[Illustration: Fig. 169. Facial painting representing hawk, Haida.]
[Illustration: Fig. 170. Headdress representing an eagle bearing a frog
on its chest, Tsimshian.]
Fig. 170, the front of a headdress representing the eagle, is quite
similar to the forms of preceding series; but it differs from them in
that the beak of the bird is not turned back so as to touch the face,
but ends in a sharp point extending downward, and that there is no
mammal mouth indicated. The wings of the eagle are shown extending from
the border of its body inward. The shoulder joint is indicated by the
head of a human figure which is ornamentally carved on the wings. The
feet are seen at the sides of the lower border of the carving, under
the wings. On the body of the eagle is a rather realistic carving of a
toad. An eagle is also shown on top of the Haida house post (fig. 171).
The wings are turned in in front of the body and the curves of the
lower figures fit into the curved side.[106]
[106] See also fig. 215.
[Illustration: Fig. 171. Housepost representing eagle above, cormorant
below, Haida.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account