Art, Prehistoric; Folk literature -- History and criticism
A number of Kwakiutl masks and dishes representing the killer-whale are
shown in fig. 179. Although there are some differences in the treatment
of the animal, the main features are common to both tribes. All these
specimens, except _h_, have the dorsal fin; the last named specimen
shows the head only. The long, high nose is found in all except in _c_,
_d_, _e_. The high, steep face is common to all of them. Fig. _e_, a
large house dish,[108] is said to represent the They are emblems of
the family of the houseowner.] whale. It will be noticed that _b_,
_c_, _d_ have round eyes while in _a_ and _h_ the regular oblong eye
is used. In _e_ and _g_ the fundamental form of the eye is also round.
Fig. 180 is a Tlingit helmet which is characterized as the killer-whale
by the large mouth set with teeth, the sudden turn of the nose towards
the forehead, the fin made of hide which rises over the crown of the
head, and the fin which is painted on the left cheek. Ordinarily the
killer-whale has no ears. In facial painting red under and on the lower
jaw up to a line running from the angle of the jaw to a point a little
below the lips, represents the throat of the killer-whale.
[108] These dishes are used in great feasts. Some of them are of
enormous size.
The bear is symbolized by a large mouth set with many teeth, often in
the act of swallowing some animal. Very often the tongue protrudes.
The nostrils are high and round, sometimes represented by spirals (see
also figs. 157, 175). On totem poles and carved spoon handles they are
similar to those of the killer-whale but do not extend quite so far
backward. There is a sharp turn in the profile from the nose to the
forehead. The paws are large (fig. 181).
[Illustration: Fig. 182. Berry spoons representing bear; _a_, _b_,
Tsimshian; _c_, Tlingit; _d_, representing killer-whale.]
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