Art, Prehistoric; Folk literature -- History and criticism
The patterns used on these baskets consist of angular forms, except on
modern placques, and bear names.[116] From the way in which these are
used we may infer that they have no symbolic significance. I give here
a selection of these. Fig. 304 _a_, _b_, _c_, patterns consisting of
zig-zag lines, represent in this order: the woodworm or the woodworm
tracks (_a_), lightning (_b_), the butterfly (_c_). The rectangle
divided by an oblique line, (_d_), represents tracks of the bear;
the dark part of the rectangle may be interpreted as the sole of the
foot; the light part of the rectangle as the claws. The design (_e_)
is called the arrow; (_f_) the rainbow; (_g_) fire weed; and (_h_)
the hood of the raven. Fig. 305 _a_ shows various representations
of the isosceles triangle, some of which are identical with the
forms occurring in California. All of these are called head of the
salmon-berry. The designs _b_, _c_, and _d_, are closely related; (_b_)
is generally used on the narrow central band which separates two broad
design bands; it is called “tying”. Flying geese are represented in
(_c_); tracks of geese in (_d_). The complicated design in (_e_) is
called “raven tail”; the relation between this name and the form is not
clear; (_f_) shows a number of representations of the wave. Designs
(_g_) and (_h_) are from circular placques; (_g_) represents the fern
frond; (_h_) the porpoise. In the last named case the relation between
form and name is obscure.
[116] G. T. Emmons, The Basketry of the Tlingit, Memoirs American
Museum of Natural History. Vol. 3 (1903) pp. 229 et seq.
I have little doubt that the designs are closely related to the blanket
patterns previously referred to and to the porcupine quill embroidery
of the tribes of the interior. The design fig. 304 _h_, for instance,
is found in identical form on the lowest stripe of the Bella Coola
blanket on top of Plate XII. The arrangement of patterns in blocks on
these blankets is also similar to the arrangement found in this type
of basketry. In fact the technique is a kind of embroidery in which
the decorative material is wrapped around the woof strand when the
basket is being made. The materials used are grasses and fern stems of
contrasting color.
[Illustration: Fig. 305. Decorative designs from Tlingit basketry.]
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