Art, Prehistoric; Folk literature -- History and criticism
I shall illustrate this point by the discussion of a design found
widely spread among the Indians of North America. Their decorative art
is characterized by the use of straight lines, triangles and rectangles
that appear in manifold combinations. One of the most typical forms
is that of an isosceles triangle with enclosed rectangle, sometimes
provided with spurs at the base (fig. 117). This design is found in
an extended area. It occurs most frequently on the great plains but
also on part of the western plateaus and among the Pueblo Indians
(fig. 118). To the west it is found among the tribes of the woodlands
and certain peculiar patterns of New England and the interior of
Labrador are strongly reminiscent of it. The stylistic similarity,
or better, identity of the pattern on the plains is so great that
it cannot possibly have developed from several independent sources.
It is part and parcel of the general art style of the area that has
developed either in one spot, or what seems more probable, by the
conflux of artistic activities of a number of tribes. Thirty or forty
years ago, under the strong influence of the evolutionary theory, the
psychologising ethnologist might have interpreted this similarity as
due to the sameness of the reaction of the human mind to the same
or similar environmental causes,—as Daniel G. Brinton explained
the similarity of Algonquin and Iroquois mythologies. However, the
development of our science since that time has so firmly established
the fact that even the most primitive cultures must be considered
as having had a historical development no less complex than that of
civilization, that the theory of independent origin of almost identical
phenomena in contiguous areas can no longer be maintained and has been
given up by all serious students.
[Illustration: Fig. 118. Triangular design, prehistoric Pueblo.]
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