Primitive Athens as described by ThucydidesHarrison, Jane Ellen
History
Primitive Athens as described by Thucydides
Harrison, Jane Ellen
Athens (Greece) -- Antiquities; Athens (Greece) -- Description and travel
The festival of Aristoboule in Rhodes, the grim Semitic Kronia, fell—and
the fact is surely significant—in the month Metageitnion. Certain
Herakleia, probably, though not quite certainly[329], the Herakleia in
Kynosarges, fell in the same month; and of course the actual ceremonial
of the Metageitnia mentioned by Plutarch. To this Metageitnia we now
return. We have seen that the population of Melite, the worshippers of
Herakles[330], were probably foreigners, and that at one time there was
a shift of these Herakles worshippers from Melite to Diomeia. Is it not
possible that the two facts are connected? Plutarch leaves us in mid-air
as to the time and cause of the _metastasis_, but be it observed the
shift is from Melite, a district outside the old burgh, to Diomeia, a
district, at least in part, outside the new. May it not have been felt
when the new circuit-wall of Themistocles was complete that it comprised
too many foreigners? If the shift took place soon after the building
of the new fortifications the event would still be remembered at the
performance (406 B.C.) of the _Frogs_.
* * * * *
At whatever date the _metastasis_ took place thus much is clear. It
was no chance incidental flitting of a few scattered families, but a
substantial shift of population, and it adequately accounts for the
curious duplication of sanctuaries. The foreign character of one element
in that population and of the cult they carried with them has been
emphasized because it provides at least a possible explanation of the
shift, but it must not for a moment be supposed that all the sanctuaries
and sanctities were necessarily foreign. We may conclude this portion of
the evidence by noting an instance of mythological duplication specially
convincing because wholly incidental and undesigned, the legend of Boreas
and Oreithyia.
Pausanias[331] tells us that ‘the Ilissus is the river where Oreithyia is
said to have been playing when she was carried off by Boreas the North
wind.’ We are a little surprised; what was the king’s daughter doing
playing down by the Ilissus far from her father’s citadel, and was not
the Ilissus rather a sheltered spot for the North wind? Plato[332] in the
_Phaedrus_, as Sokrates and Phaedrus are lying under the ‘tallest plane
tree’ on the bank of the Ilissus, makes Phaedrus say ‘I should like to
know whether the place is not somewhere here where Boreas is said to have
carried off Oreithyia;’ Sokrates says it is not far, about a quarter of a
mile off, and that there is some sort of an altar there—and adds ‘there
is a discrepancy however about the spot; according to another version of
the story she was taken from the Areopagos and not from this place.’
We pass to our fourth source of error.
4. _Confusion as to Kallirrhoë and Enneakrounos._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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