Principles of literary criticismRichards, I. A. (Ivor Armstrong)
Philosophy
Principles of literary criticism
Richards, I. A. (Ivor Armstrong)
Criticism
“That synthetic and magical power, to which we have exclusively
appropriated the name of imagination . . . reveals itself
in the balance or reconciliation of opposite or discordant
qualities . . . the sense of novelty and freshness, with
old and familiar objects; a more than usual state of
emotion, with more than usual order; judgement ever awake
and steady self-possession with enthusiasm and feeling
profound or vehement.” “The sense of musical delight . . .
with the power of reducing multitude into unity of effect,
and modifying a series of thoughts by some one predominant
thought or feeling[80]” these are gifts of the imagination.
It was natural, we shall shortly see why, for Coleridge to
carry his further speculations upon Imagination into the
realms of Transcendentalism, but setting this aside, there
is enough in this description and in the many applications
and elucidations scattered through the _Biographia_ and
the _Lectures_ to justify Coleridge’s claim to have put
his finger more nearly than anyone else upon the essential
characteristic of poetic as of all valuable experience.
In describing the poet we laid stress upon the availability of
his experience, upon the width of the field of stimulation which
he can accept, and the completeness of the response which he
can make. Compared with him the ordinary man suppresses nine-tenths
of his impulses, because he is incapable of managing them without
confusion. He goes about in blinkers because what he would otherwise
see would upset him. But the poet through his superior power
of ordering experience is freed from this necessity. Impulses
which commonly interfere with one another and are conflicting,
independent, and mutually distractive, in him combine into a
stable poise. He selects, of course, but the range of suppression
which is necessary for him is diminished, and for this very reason
such suppressions as he makes are more rigorously carried out.
Hence the curious local callousness of the artist which so often
strikes the observer.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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