_ 68 Ad. Müller_ compares persons, so far as they render any kind of service, to things, and, so far as they are required to be preserved in their individuality, to persons. The children in the “status” of a country gentleman, for instance, are treated more as persons, and domestics, more like things; the land partakes of a species of personality, but not the implements of labor. (Nothwendigkeit einer theolog. Grundlage der Staatswissenschaft, 1819, 48.) 69 The privilege of selling refreshments in the garden of the Palais Royal was formerly let for 38,000 francs a year. 70 See the cases cited by _Hermann_, Staatswirtsch. Untersuchungen, 6 ff. and by _Bernoulli_, Schweiz. Archiv. für Statistik und N. Œkon. II, 55. Think of the firm of J. M. Farina! In Athens, good stands were leased at a very high rent, even where there was no investment of the lessee’s capital. (_Demosthenes_, pro. Phorm., 948; adv. Steph. I, iiii.) There is, again, the sale of inventions, while they are still “mere ideas.” According to _Schäffle_, Theorie der ausschliessendnen Verhältnisse, 1857, II ff., the value in exchange of these relations depends on the extra income which is assured in fact, or in law, against diminution, by the exclusion of competition. He, therefore, recommends, instead of the word “relations,” “custom,” or “publicum.” But these words, by no means, exhaust the meaning expressed by “relation.” Thus, the good administration of public affairs, although it has no value in exchange, is one of the most valuable economic goods which a people can possess. 71 The relation mentioned above of a general to an army may even have great value in exchange. Instance, the Italian condottieri in the fifteenth century! 72 Relations which take from one man, as much as they afford to their possessor, are of value as components of a man’s private fortune, but not of the wealth of the nation. To this class belong debts due from persons or from things, compulsory custom or good-will of every description; as for instance, the seventy-two places of the _agents de change_ in Paris, each of which was worth more than a million of francs; or the right of navigating the Elbe as far as Magdeburg, which, about the beginning of this century, was worth in every instance about 10,000 thalers. (_Krug_, Abriss. der St. Œkonomie, 62.)