Principles of Political Economy, Vol. 1Roscher, Wilhelm
History
Principles of Political Economy, Vol. 1
Roscher, Wilhelm
Economics
there are no economic goods, but those the disposable supply of
which is, at most, equal to the quantity that is required. But is
not the largest navigable stream, even in the most thinly populated
country, an economic good?
_ 66 Hegel_, Rechtsphilosophie, § 67. Even the use of a corpse as
manure, or for any mercantile purpose, is repugnant to our feelings,
“because of the dignity of personality.” (_Schäffle_, National
Œkonomie, 1860, 28.) In this respect, prostitution is a remnant of
slavery. _Schäffle_ is right, when he says that to repay personal
services with material commodities which do not afford as much food
etc., as the former have cost in expenditure of vital energy, is a
slow and frequently a very cruel kind of cannibalism. (Kapitalismus
und Socialismus, 1870, 18).
_ 67 Bornitz_, De rerum Sufficientia in Republica procuranda, 1625,
gives in this encyclopædia of political science, together with a
dissertation on agriculture, commerce and manufactures, a complete
survey of the _ministeria_. Several modern writers refuse to look
upon personal services, or the ability to render such services, as
elements of wealth: compare _Kaufmann_, Untersuchungen im Gebiete
der politischen Œkonomie, 1830, II, Heft I. They demonstrate,
however, no more than this, that that class of goods has something
very peculiar. Thus _Malthus_, Principles of Political Economy
(1820), chap. I, sect. I, objects that they cannot be inventoried or
taxed; but can material goods be so completely? Can all the parts of
the wealth of a nation be so inventoried and taxed? _Rau_, Lehrbuch
der pol. Œkonomie (1826) I, § 46, remarks that the personal aptitude
to perform services dies with the person, and that personal services
cannot be stored up (?), etc. I appeal simply to the definition I
have given above of economic goods, and which applies equally to
services of every kind which can be performed for other people.
Besides, those who oppose this view are unable to give a
satisfactory explanation of all the phenomena of commerce. Of
course, the qualification “recognized as useful” is of the utmost
importance as a mark to determine what is goods. But a prima donna,
or a world-renowned physician, cast naked by shipwreck on the shores
of North America, is certainly, better off than a blind beggar, his
fellow sufferer. Compare _Storch_, Handbuch II, 335 ff. and his
Considérations sur la Nature du Revenu National.
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