[Footnote 233-2: In Greece, _Lycurgus'_ legislation seems to have contained the first prohibition relating to luxury. No one should own a house or household article which had been made with a finer implement than an ax or a saw; and no Spartan cook should use any other spice than salt and vinegar. (_Plut._, De Sanitate, 12; _Lycurg._, 13. On Periander, see _Ephorus_, ed. _Marx_, fr. 106. _Heracb._, Pont. ed.; _Köhler_, fr. 5; _Diog. Laert._, I, 96 ff.) The luxury-prohibitions of Solon were aimed especially at the female passion for dress and the pomp of funerals. Those who had the surveillance of the sex watched also over the luxury of banquets. _Athen._, VI, 245; _Demosth._ in _Macart._, 1070. In Rome, there were laws regulating the pomp of and display at funerals, dating from the time of the Kings; but especially are such laws to be found in the twelve tables. Lex Oppia de Cultu Mulierum in the year 215 before Christ. A very interesting debate concerning the abolition of this law in _Livy_, XXXIV, 1 ff. About 189, prohibition of several foreign articles of luxury. _Plin._, H. N., XIII, 5, XIV, 16. Measures of Cato the censor. (_Livy_, XXXIX, 44.) First law relating to the table, L. Orchia, in the year 187; afterwards L. Fannia, 161, L. Didia, 143 before Christ. (_Macrob._, Sat. V, 13; _Gellius_, N. A., II, 24. _Plin._, H. N., X, 7.) After a long pause, sumptuary laws relating to food, funerals and games of chance, constitute an important part of Sulla's legislation.] [Footnote 233-3: _Latus clavus_ of the Roman senators; _annulus_ of the knights. In the latter middle age, the knights were wont to be allowed to wear gold, and esquires only silver; the former, damask; the latter, satin or taffeta; but when the esquires also used damask, velvet was reserved for the knights alone. _St. Palaye_, Das Ritterwesen, by _Klüber_, IV, 107; II, 153 seq. But towards the end of the middle ages many sumptuary laws were enacted in cities by plebeian jealousy of the rich. The Venetian sumptuary laws were passed on account of the anxiety of the state that some rich men might shine above the rest of the oligarchs.] SECTION CCXXXIV. HISTORY OF SUMPTUARY LAWS.