"Open-door" agreements, 236, 241. Opium War of 1840, the, 50. Oregon, annexation of, 73. Osaka _Mainichi_, the, on the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, 210. Ottoman invasion, the, 41. suzerainty of Europe, Napoleon and the, 40. Oversea Dominions, population of, 128, 129. Pacific armies, the chief, 198. British Dominions, uneasiness regarding British-Japanese Treaty, 202, 204. Fleet: Australian unit, 181. of American battleships, the welcome given to, 278. Russia urged to build a, 213. Pacific, the, American influence in, 11-12. and Great Britain, 269. and the United States, 269. armies of the, 186 _et seq._ British Empire and the mastery of, 11. British influence in, 11. British possessions in, 13. British trade interests in, 162. China and, 8 _et seq._ control of: an Anglo-Celtic union advisable, 14. Drake's log on entering, 91. fortresses and trading stations, 3. France and, 10. future of, Japan's chance, 265. future of, with White Races, 265. Germany and, 10. Great Britain and, 10. hegemony of, 4, 46. India and, 9, 10. industrial position, governed by excluding Asiatic labour, 235, 240. industrial position in, 228 _et seq._ Japan and, 5 _et seq._ Japan the greatest warrior Power in, 32. naval and military forces in, 15. navies of the, 176 _et seq._ no Free Trade ideas in the, 235. ocean of the future, 1. position of Japan in, 46. rivals for, 263 _et seq._ Russia in, 16 _et seq._, 268. Russian influence in, 4. South America and, 10. Spain in, 91. strategical position of Japan in, 260. of United States in, 260. strategy of, 246. Treaties in, 199. United States and, 68. Yellow and White Races and, 63. Palmyra Island, 12 (footnote). Pan-American Bureau, the, 272. Conferences, 272, 273. Panama Canal, the, 5, 12, 13, 42, 75, 160, 163, 176, 178, 179, 216 _et seq._, 218, 220, 243, 259, 260, 265, 280. and United States, 269. American commerce and, 225. amount expended by United States, 227. amount of Pacific and Atlantic water exchanged by, 220. as a tariff weapon, 224. early difficulties, 216. free navigation of, 221. intended by United States as means of securing dominance in Pacific, 223, 224. military police for, 221. naval base at Cuba, 222. "neutralisation" of the, 220. plague of mosquitoes, 217. Secretary Meyer on, 179. sovereign rights of the United States, 222. tolls, 225. treaty regarding management, 220. Panama, hills of, 219 Isthmus, the, 81, 155. by no means unhealthy, 218. the United States and, 67. Papua, natives of, and mosquitoes, 217. Papua, New Guinea, 144. Paraguay, army of, 198. Republic of, 161. Peace Societies, 109. Peace of Shimonoseki, the, and its consequences, 38. Pearl Harbour, 78, 79. Pekin, the expedition of 1900 to, 50. Penang, 95. Persia and the Greeks, 40.