[129.1] C. W. Hobley, “Kikuyu Customs and Beliefs,” _Journal of the Royal Anthropological Intitute_, xl. (1910) pp. 438 _sq._ As to the sanctity of the fig-tree (_mugumu_) among the Akikuyu, see Mervyn W. H. Beech, “The sacred fig-tree of the A-kikuyu of East Africa,” _Man_, xiii. (1913) pp. 4-6. Mr. Beech traces the reverence for the tree to the white milky sap which exudes from it when an incision is made in the bark. This appears to have suggested to the savages the idea that the tree is a great source of fertility to men and women, to cattle, sheep, and goats. [129.2] N. Adriani en Alb. C. Kruijt, _De Bare’e-sprekende Toradja’s van Midden-Celebes_, i. (Batavia, 1912) pp. 285, 290 _sq._ In recent years the wars between the tribes have been suppressed by the Dutch Government. [130.1] Compare _The Belief in Immortality and the Worship of the Dead_, i. (London, 1913) pp. 136 _sq._, 278 _sq._, 468 _sq._ [130.2] Rev. E. B. Cross, “On the Karens,” _Journal of the American Oriental Society_, iv. No. 2 (New York, 1854), pp. 312 _sq._ [130.3] Bringaud, “Les Karins de la Birmanie,” _Les Missions catholiques_, xx. (1888) p. 208. [131.1] W. H. Keating, _Narrative of an Expedition to the Sources of St. Peter’s River_ (London, 1825), i. 109, quoting Mr. Barron. [131.2] Charlevoix, _Histoire de la Nouvelle France_ (Paris, 1744), vi. 77, 122 _sq._; J. F. Lafitau, _Mœurs des sauvages amériquains_ (Paris, 1724), ii. 279. [131.3] H. von Rosenberg, _Der malayische Archipel_ (Leipsic, 1878), p. 461. Compare J. L. van Hasselt, “Die Papuastämme an der Geelvinkbai (Neuguinea),” _Mitteilungen der geographischen Gesellschaft zu Jena_, ix. (1891) p. 101. [131.4] K. Vetter, “Über papuanische Rechtsverhältnisse,” in _Nachrichten über Kaiser Wilhelms-Land und den Bismarck-Archipel_ (1897), p. 94; B. Hagen, _Unter den Papuas_ (Wiesbaden, 1899), p. 266. [131.5] Stefan Lehner, “Bukaua,” in R. Neuhauss’s _Deutsch Neu-Guinea_ (Berlin, 1911), iii. 444. [131.6] George Brown, D.D., _Melanesians and Polynesians_ (London, 1910), pp. 142, 145. [132.1] John Jackson, in J. E. Erskine’s _Journal of a Cruise among the Islands of the Western Pacific_ (London, 1853), p. 477. [132.2] C. Wiese, “Beiträge zur Geschichte der Zulu im Norden des Zambesi,” _Zeitschrift für Ethnologie_, xxxii. (1900) pp. 197 _sq._ [132.3] Rev. Samuel Mateer, _The Land of Charity, a Descriptive Account of Travancore and its People_ (London, 1871), pp. 203 _sq._ [132.4] E. W. Nelson, “The Eskimo about Bering Strait,” _Eighteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology_, Part i. (Washington, 1899) p. 423. [133.1] Rev. J. Owen Dorsey, “A Study of Siouan Cults,” _Eleventh Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology_ (Washington, 1894), p. 420. [133.2] Dr. P. H. Brincker, “Character, Sitten, und Gebräuche speciell der Bantu Deutsch-Südwestafrikas,” _Mitteilungen des Seminars für orientalischen Sprachen zu Berlin_, iii. dritte Abteilung (1900), pp. 89 _sq._