[133.3] Rev. R. H. Nassau, _Fetichism in West Africa_ (London, 1904),
p. 220; M. Abeghian, _Der armenische Volksglaube_ (Leipsic, 1899), p.
11.
[133.4] H. A. Rose, “Hindu Birth Observances in the Punjab,” _Journal
of the Royal Anthropological Institute_, xxxvii. (1907) pp. 225 _sq._
[133.5] G. F. D’ Penha, “Superstitions and Customs in Salsette,” _The
Indian Antiquary_, xxviii. (1899) p. 115.
[133.6] _Census of India, 1911_, vol. xiv. _Punjab_, Part I. (Lahore,
1912) p. 303. As to these perturbed and perturbing spirits in India,
see further W. Crooke, _Popular Religion and Folk-lore of Northern
India_ (Westminster, 1896), i. 269-274. They are called _churel_.
[134.1] E. M. Gordon, _Indian Folk Tales_ (London, 1908), p. 47.
[134.2] Rev. P. Dehon, S.J., “Religion and Customs of the Uraons,”
_Memoirs of the Asiatic Society of Bengal_, vol. i. No. 9 (Calcutta,
1906), pp. 139 _sq._
[134.3] Lieut.-Colonel H. W. G. Cole, “The Lushais,” in _Census of
India, 1911_, vol. iii. _Assam_, Part I. (Shillong, 1912) p. 140.
[135.1] Mrs. Leslie Milne, _Shans at Home_ (London, 1910), p. 96. The
custom of carrying the dead out of the house by a special opening,
which is then blocked up to prevent the return of the ghost, has been
observed by many peoples in many parts of the world. For examples see
_The Belief in Immortality and the Worship of the Dead_, i. 452 _sqq._
[136.1] Ch. Gilhodes, “Naissance et Enfance chez les Katchins
(Birmanie),” _Anthropos_, vi. (1911) pp. 872 _sq._
[136.2] Van Schmidt, “Aanteekeningen nopens de zeden, etc., der
bevolking van de eilanden Saparoea, etc.,” _Tijdschrift voor
Neêrlands Indie_, v. Tweede Deel (Batavia, 1843), pp. 528 _sqq._; G.
Heijmering, “Zeden en gewoonten op het eiland Timor,” _Tijdschrift
voor Neerlands Indië_, vii. Negende Aflevering (Batavia, 1845), pp.
278 _sq._, note; B. F. Matthes, _Bijdragen tot de Ethnologie van
Zuid-Celebes_ (The Hague, 1875), p. 97; W. E. Maxwell, “Folk-lore of
the Malays,” _Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic
Society_, No. 7 (June 1881), p. 28; W. W. Skeat, _Malay Magic_
(London, 1900), p. 325; J. G. F. Riedel, _De sluik- en kroesharige
rassen tusschen Selebes en Papua_ (The Hague, 1886), p. 81; B. C. A.
J. van Dinter, “Eenige geographische en ethnographische aanteekeningen
betreffende het eiland Siaoe,” _Tijdschrift voor Indische Taal- Land-
en Volkenkunde_, xli. (1899) p. 381; A. C. Kruijt, “Eenige
ethnografische aanteekeningen omtrent de Toboengkoe en de Tomori,”
_Mededeelingen van wege het Nederlandsche Zendelinggenootschap_, xliv.
(Rotterdam, 1900) p. 218; _id._, _Het Animisme in den Indischen
Archipel_ (The Hague, 1906), p. 252; G. A. Wilken, _Handleiding voor
de vergelijkende Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië_ (Leyden, 1893),
p. 559; J. H. Meerwaldt, “Gebruiken der Bataks in het maatschappelijk
leven,” _Mededeelingen van wege het Nederlandsche
Zendelineggnootschap_, xlix. (1905) p. 113. The common name for these
dreaded ghosts is _pontianak_.
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