=Loudspeaker and Leaflet Company.= The Group's junior partner in the conduct of PsyWar support operations was the Loudspeaker and Leaflet (L&L) Company. This unit specifically supported an army in the field with adequate _tactical_ propaganda support. Like the Group, it supported the national propaganda objectives, but it interpreted the directives that came from the theater commander in terms of more immediate objectives. Its targets were smaller, lived under unusual circumstances, and presented highly vulnerable, rapidly changing propaganda opportunities--a real challenge for the L&L Company. Organizationally it was a trimmed-down version of the Group. Its _company headquarters_ and _propaganda platoon_ were the offspring of Headquarters and Headquarters Company. The _publications platoon_ was a smaller, more adaptable version of Reproduction Company. And the _loudspeaker platoon_ was the tactical counterpart of the strategic Mobile Radio Broadcasting Company. [Illustration: _Figure 76: Korean Leaflet Bomb, Early Model._ An M16A1 cluster adapter being loaded at the FEC printing plant in Yokohama (1 November 1950). The bomb type adapter will contain 22,500 (5" by 8") psychological warfare leaflets.] The Tactical Information Detachment, moving from Fort Riley to Korea in the fall of 1950, was reorganized as the _1st Loudspeaker and Leaflet Company_ and, attached to EUSAK, served as Eighth Army's tactical propaganda unit throughout the campaign. It adjusted its location, equipment and propaganda tone to keep pace with the ups and downs of the Korean war. =Psychological Warfare Center.= Paralleling the creation of the Office of the Chief of Psychological Warfare in the Department of the Army PsyWar training was started in the spring of 1951. A faculty was collected at the Army General School to start the world's first formal school of military propaganda. At the same time, reserve officers whose civilian specialties were in or related to mass communications were recalled to PsyWar assignments. Several RB&L groups and L&L companies were activated and trained at Fort Riley. One of these, the _1st Radio Broadcasting and Leaflet Group_, was deployed to Japan to become the strategic propaganda support unit in FEC, thereby relieving the hard-pressed Psychological Warfare Section of its operational functions. The Group left Fort Riley in July 1951 at the height of the Missouri Valley floods, forcing the unit to take emergency detours by bus and train in order to meet its scheduled port of embarkation call. The 1st was the only group to have been used in active operations. Other groups were employed in training missions. In addition, Reserve groups and companies trained periodically at key locations where sufficient specialized personnel were available to keep the units on a ready, stand-by basis.