Collaterally with the notification of infectious diseases, including tuberculosis, to the medical officer of health, occurred the enforcement of notification of various industrial diseases occurring in factories, such as anthrax, lead and arsenic poisoning, to the Chief Inspector of Factories, Home Office. _Conditions of Medical Practice Bearing on Public Health_ It cannot be claimed that notification of acute infectious diseases, still less of tuberculosis, has been complete. It is impossible to discuss the reasons for this in the present address (see Lecture IX); but the present conditions of medical practice are largely responsible for the partial lack of success. Hasty conditions of work, failure to employ laboratory means of diagnosis, or to utilise available consultation facilities (especially in tuberculosis), and lack of training of medical practitioners in preventive medicine, are among the obstacles to further control of disease. There will not be complete success until means are discovered for training and enlisting every medical practitioner as a medical officer of health in the circle of his private or public practice, and of securing his services not only in the early and prompt detection of disease, but also in the systematic supervision during health of the families under his care, and in advising them as to habits or methods of life which are inimical to health. _Poor Law v. Public Health_ An approximation to this ideal was in the minds of the early sanitary reformers; and it was one of the misfortunes associated with the deterrent policy of poor-law administration in medical relief, that separation between Poor Law and Public Health appeared to offer the best prospect of sanitary progress. Had Simon’s advice been followed, when the Local Government Board was about to take over the public health duties of the Privy Council, the poor-law organization might, and probably would gradually, have been permeated by public health activities, and thus the sanitary welfare of the poorest class of the community would have been more completely safeguarded on its personal as well as on its environmental side. In his Eleventh Report to the Privy Council (1868) Simon recommended adherence to the intention of Mr. Lowe’s Nuisance Bill of 1860, which would have identified the health and destitution authorities. He deprecated the institution of “a differently planned organization for objects exclusively of health”; subject to the conditions that public health should not be subordinate to poor-law work and that there should be power to combine districts for certain purposes, and action through committees in sub-areas.