For traffic between Austrian and Hungarian towns and the Dutch ports in certain articles there are also so-called “Seaport transit rates.” For instance, for dried plums, apples and pears from Vienna to Rotterdam, the export rate for lots of 10 tons is m. 41·50 per ton of 1,000 kilogrammes, the local rate being m. 51·60 per ton; for wool from Buda Pesth to Amsterdam the rate per ton of 1,000 kilogrammes in lots of 5 tons, is export m. 67·0, local m. 81·30. These rates are only available for goods destined for export or import; and, as will be seen, they are considerably lower than the rates for the same description of goods for consumers in the port of shipment. There are also exceptional rates for goods traversing Germany to and from the German sea-ports and Austria and Hungary. The following is a comparison between the rates from Bremen to a station on the Danube, and the rates from the latter station to a station situated between that station and the sea-port:-- ------------------------+---------+---------+----------+------------ | | |Raw Cotton| Tobacco |Distance |Distance |per 100 ks|per 100 ks. |in Kilom.|in Miles.| (2 cwt.) | (2 cwt.) +---------+---------+----------+------------ | | | Marks. | Marks. Bremen--Regensburg | 683 | 427 | 2·46 | 2·49 Nienburg--Regensburg | 616 | 385 | 2·88 | 3·83 +---------+---------+----------+------------ Difference in favour of | | | | the longer distance | (67) | (42) | 0·42 | 1·34 ------------------------+---------+---------+----------+------------ In Holland no scale of rates is universally chargeable. Each railway company is authorised by the Concession under which the railway was constructed, to charge certain specified rates. But, as in England, the existing rates actually charged are generally lower than the maximum; and the fixing of them maybe controlled by the State. By Article 31 of the Dutch Law the railway companies are required to carry all goods (not excluded from transport) and passengers at the rates set forth in the published tariffs, and under the conditions determined by the regulations, without unduly favouring special persons, Societies, Companies, or other bodies. By the existing law the railway companies are forbidden to make special arrangements for carriage at lower rates than those published in the tariffs, except in the following cases:-- (_a_). For the carriage of large quantities; (_b_). For the carriage of one or more truckloads of goods at stated intervals; (_c_). For the carriage of goods intended for charitable purposes or for exhibition.