grow; and finally, it is his to cast into the treasury of his nation’s history his gleanings among the bye-ways of a single city, no mean or despicable bundle of facts, with which to enrich its stores. But we must tarry no longer to generalize with archæologist, poet or historian; we have many storehouses to visit, where associations of religion, poetry, and art, lie garnered up in rich abundance. CHAPTER II. THE CATHEDRAL. THE CATHEDRAL.—_Forms_.—_Symbols_.—_Early history of the Christian church_.—_Growth of superstition_.—_Influence of Paganism_.—_Government_.—_Growth of the Papacy_.—_Monasticism_.—_St. Macarius_.—_Benedict_.—_St. Augustine_.—_Hildebrand_.—_Celibacy of the clergy_.—_Herbert of Losinga_, _founder of Norwich Cathedral_.—_Crusades_, _their influence on Civilization_.—_Historical memoranda_.—_Bishop Nix_.—_Bilney_.—_Bishop Hall_.—_Ancient religious festivals_.—_Easter_.—_Whitsuntide_.—_Good Friday_.—“_Creeping to the Cross_.”—_Paschal taper_.—_Legend of St. William_.—_Holy-rood Day_.—_Carvings_.—_Origin of grotesque sculptures_.—_Old Painting_: _mode of executing it_.—_Speculatory_.—_Cloisters_.—_Anecdote_.—_Epitaph_.—_List of Bishops_.—_Funeral of Bishop Stanley_. “What is a city?” “A city contains a cathedral, or Bishop’s see.” Such being the definition given us in one of those valuable literary productions that we were wont in olden time to call Pinnock’s ninepennies, and which have since been followed by dozens upon dozens of series upon series, written by a host of good souls that have followed in his wake, devoting themselves to the task of retailing homeopathic doses of concentrated geography, biography, philosophy, astronomy, geology, and all the other phies, nies, onomies, and ologies, that ever perplexed or enlightened the brains of the rising generation; we adopt the term, in memory of those so-called happy days of childhood, when its vague mysticism suggested to our country born and school-bred pates a wide field of speculation for fancy to wander in; a Cathedral and a Bishop’s see being to us, in their unexplained nomenclature, figures of speech as hieroglyphical as any inscription that ever puzzled a Belzoni or a Caviglia to decipher. We have grown, however, to know something of the meaning of these terms; and having lived to see a few specimens of real cathedrals and live bishops, we are now quite ready to acknowledge the priority of their claims upon our notice when rambling among the lions of an old city.