Rambles in Yucatan; or, Notes of Travel Through the Peninsula: Including a Visit to the Remarkable Ruins of Chi-Chen, Kabah, Zayi, and Uxmal. 2nd edNorman, Benjamin Moore
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Rambles in Yucatan; or, Notes of Travel Through the Peninsula: Including a Visit to the Remarkable Ruins of Chi-Chen, Kabah, Zayi, and Uxmal. 2nd ed
The pronouns are very difficult to classify. The author, however,
arranges them in five divisions, of which two are demonstrative, two
mixed, or partaking of the possessive nature, and one reciprocal or
reflective.
The first, which is prefixed solely to active or transitive verbs, or
used as a relative, is declined as follows:—
Ten, I; Toon, We;
Tech, Thou; Teex, Ye;
Lay, He. Loob, They.
The second is suffixed to all tenses of neuter or substantive verbs,
except the present and imperfect. It also serves as an objective when
following an active verb, and, joined with a past participle, forms a
neuter verb. It is thus declined:—
En, I; On, We;
Ech, Thou; Ex, Ye;
Laylo, He. Ob, They.
The two demonstrative and possessive pronouns are as follows:—
In, I, or mine; Ca, We, or ours;
A, Thou, or thine; A ex, Ye, or yours;
U, He, or his. V ob, They, or theirs.
The numerous and delicate distinctions between these last, as shown by
the author in many examples, would be fatiguing to the reader were they
set forth at length. It is enough to remark here, that the first is used
in the conjugation of certain tenses of the verbs, and the second in
certain others; and that, as a possessive, the first is used before
nouns beginning with a consonant, and the second before those commencing
with a vowel.
The reciprocal or reflective pronoun is declined as follows:—
Inba, Myself; Caba, Ourselves;
A ba, Thyself; A ba ex, Yourselves;
U ba, Himself. U ba ob, Themselves.
This is used precisely as in English: thus, _cimzah_, to kill;
_cimzahba_, to kill one’s _self_.
The verbs are divided into four conjugations; of which the first
comprehends all absolute or neuter verbs. The verbs of the other
conjugations are all active or transitive, but are rendered passive by
being conjugated after the first conjugation; whence all passive verbs
may be said likewise to be embraced under this form. All verbs of this
conjugation, with a few exceptions, terminate, in the infinitive, in the
letter _l_, and are of more than one syllable. The perfect tense ends
always in _i_, and the future in _c_. We give a few examples, to show
the symmetry of the arrangement of the Spanish grammarian.
Etppizanhal, etppizanhi, etppitzanhac, to resemble;
Elel, eli, elec, to burn;
Hatzpahal, hatzpahi, hatzpahac, to separate;
Mankinhal, mankinhi, mankinhac, to persevere;
Uenel, ueni, uenec, to sleep;
Xanhal, xanhi, xanac, to delay.
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